Aga Khan University Institute for Study of Muslim Civilisations

This paper examines the role of participation, co-production and community management in a random sample of 50 rural and urban water systems under the Water and Sanitation Extension Programme (WASEP) in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. It looks at the role of an NGO (the Aga Khan Agency for Habitat) in co-production, and how this model of community-based water management (CBWM) contributes to the discussion in the literature. Specifically, the paper considers whether the largely rural WASEP model can be successfully scaled up and scaled out to urban centres, drawing on evidence from a survey of over 2,500 rural and urban households. The findings illustrate the importance of participation in the successful delivery of water systems. However, higher levels of rural participation are related to specifically rural features, including the smaller size and more limited diversity of communities. The paper concludes that new methods may be required for the transfer of CBWM to urban centres with much larger, more diverse and growing populations.

Abstract This research assesses the quality of water and water supply infrastructure under the Water and Sanitation Extension Programme (WASEP) in Gilgit-Baltistan, Northern Pakistan. Water samples were collected from 26 randomly selected rural and urban WASEP projects and 12 control sites. Results show that 94% of rural and 83% of urban water samples from WASEP projects conformed with WHO standards for drinking water with no Escherichia coli colonies overall compared with 8% of rural and 0% of urban control sites. This corresponds with higher water infrastructure scores for WASEP projects based on engineering audits of water at intake, system, and network level. These findings demonstrate the importance of water infrastructure design for the delivery of clean drinking water, and the role of the WASEP model of community water management in improving the delivery of potable water.

Entrepreneurship is central to innovation and hence industrialisation. However, the innovation process is cumulative, increasingly undertaken within formal organisations, and characterised by uncertainty. The technological challenge facing developing country entrepreneurs attempting to 'catch up' is considerable in this context and can be supported by the appropriate institutions and policies. The efficacy of these will depend on the nature of the government – business relationship and whether the state can ensure such support is contingent upon learning taking place. Malaysia's attempts to create domestic entrepreneurs demonstrate the difficulties involved, and the importance of accounting for political factors.

Accompanying datasets that are referenced in the Journal Article 'Comparing the crisis of 806/1403-4 and the Fatimid fitna (450-466/1058-1073): al-Maqrīzī as a historian of the Fatimids - Datasets'. The texts used in the analysis are taken from OpenITI corpus release (Version 2021.2.5). If the ID (the final part of the text URI) has changed from the OpenITI release to this data release, then the text has been modified for this case study. File extensions following the text URI indicate that the text has had additional tags applied (either date tags, or text reuse cluster tags). csv file names indicate the text file from which the csv file was generated. This is a published part of an active research project. For other datasets and the scripts used to generate this data, see the relevant GitHub repositiory: https://github.com/mabarber92/fitna-study

Accompanying datasets that are referenced in the Journal Article 'Comparing the crisis of 806/1403-4 and the Fatimid fitna (450-466/1058-1073): al-Maqrīzī as a historian of the Fatimids - Datasets'. The texts used in the analysis are taken from OpenITI corpus release (Version 2021.2.5). If the ID (the final part of the text URI) has changed from the OpenITI release to this data release, then the text has been modified for this case study. File extensions following the text URI indicate that the text has had additional tags applied (either date tags, or text reuse cluster tags). csv file names indicate the text file from which the csv file was generated. This is a published part of an active research project. For other datasets and the scripts used to generate this data, see the relevant GitHub repositiories: https://github.com/mabarber92/arabic_date_tagger/tree/main, https://github.com/mabarber92/clusters-analysis, and https://github.com/mabarber92/fitna-study. Note on change from version 1.0.0 - one additional .all_dates_distinct.csv file was added that is now referenced in the accompanying Journal article. Note on change to version 1.2.0 - text reuse datasets in this release are based on a passim run on version 2022.2.7 of the OpenITI corpus. As none of the texts changed between releases, the tagged text files remain the same.

Accompanying datasets that are referenced in the Journal Article 'Comparing the crisis of 806/1403-4 and the Fatimid fitna (450-466/1058-1073): al-Maqrīzī as a historian of the Fatimids - Datasets'. The texts used in the analysis are taken from OpenITI corpus release (Version 2021.2.5). If the ID (the final part of the text URI) has changed from the OpenITI release to this data release, then the text has been modified for this case study. File extensions following the text URI indicate that the text has had additional tags applied (either date tags, or text reuse cluster tags). csv file names indicate the text file from which the csv file was generated. This is a published part of an active research project. For other datasets and the scripts used to generate this data, see the relevant GitHub repositiory: https://github.com/mabarber92/fitna-study Note on change from version 1.0.0 - one additional .all_dates_distinct.csv file was added that is now referenced in the accompanying Journal article.

Accompanying datasets that are referenced in the Journal Article 'Comparing the crisis of 806/1403-4 and the Fatimid fitna (450-466/1058-1073): al-Maqrīzī as a historian of the Fatimids - Datasets'. The texts used in the analysis are taken from OpenITI corpus release (Version 2021.2.5). If the ID (the final part of the text URI) has changed from the OpenITI release to this data release, then the text has been modified for this case study. File extensions following the text URI indicate that the text has had additional tags applied (either date tags, or text reuse cluster tags). csv file names indicate the text file from which the csv file was generated. This is a published part of an active research project. For other datasets and the scripts used to generate this data, see the relevant GitHub repositiories: https://github.com/mabarber92/arabic_date_tagger/tree/main, https://github.com/mabarber92/clusters-analysis, and https://github.com/mabarber92/fitna-study. Note on change from version 1.0.0 - one additional .all_dates_distinct.csv file was added that is now referenced in the accompanying Journal article. Note on change to version 1.2.0 - text reuse datasets in this release are based on a passim run on version 2022.2.7 of the OpenITI corpus. As none of the texts changed between releases, the tagged text files remain the same.

Accompanying datasets that are referenced in the Journal Article 'Comparing the crisis of 806/1403-4 and the Fatimid fitna (450-466/1058-1073): al-Maqrīzī as a historian of the Fatimids - Datasets'. The texts used in the analysis are taken from OpenITI corpus release (Version 2021.2.5). If the ID (the final part of the text URI) has changed from the OpenITI release to this data release, then the text has been modified for this case study. File extensions following the text URI indicate that the text has had additional tags applied (either date tags, or text reuse cluster tags). csv file names indicate the text file from which the csv file was generated. This is a published part of an active research project. For other datasets and the scripts used to generate this data, see the relevant GitHub repositiories: https://github.com/mabarber92/arabic_date_tagger/tree/main, https://github.com/mabarber92/clusters-analysis, and https://github.com/mabarber92/fitna-study. Note on change from version 1.0.0 - one additional .all_dates_distinct.csv file was added that is now referenced in the accompanying Journal article. Note on change to version 1.2.0 - text reuse datasets in this release are based on a passim run on version 2022.2.7 of the OpenITI corpus. As none of the texts changed between releases, the tagged text files remain the same.

In a secularizing context, the relationship between gender, Soviet modernization and uses of « languages of religion » (Arabic, Persian and Tchaghatay Turkish) is explored. The main focus is the role of Muslim women in the trans-generational transmission of religion. Women of religion are the ones who mediate the rediscovery of the Muslim heritage. This rediscovery is taking place within the broader context of re-Islamization and revalorization of national languages of Uzbekistan (Uzbek with Latin script) and Tadjikistan (Tadjik with Cyrillic script) ; both independent states were formerly part of the Soviet Union. The author retraces the main axes of the modernization politics through two main domains: linguistic policies and the emancipation of Muslim women. The paper focuses on the old and new Muslim educational systems in these two newly independent Central Asian states and highlights these counstries’ tendency, due to their fight against Islamism, to refuse all religious change. This means all religious trends are rejected, even those that would enable the regions’s Muslim societies to leave behind their traditional orientation.