Jakarta State Polytechnic

Abstract Artists spend their working time in the workplace so a design is needed to address their needs. The workplaces need to be economic, ergonomic, energy‐efficient, and environmentally friendly based on the current trends. This study focused on all of these aspects while choosing the subjects for conducting the experiment. A total of 10 test subjects were involved in this study. Data related to environmental conditions were analyzed by the Mann–Whitney test and those related to workloads and musculoskeletal disorders were tested by two‐paired sample t test. The cardiovascular load and cardiovascular strain (CVS) data were tested by the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test for a 5% significance level. The results showed that using a natural posture while working can improve health quality. Occupational health indicators, such as workloads, cardiovascular load, and CVSs, musculoskeletal disorders, visual complaints, and concentration showed an improvement characterized by decreased workloads, cardiovascular load and CVS, musculoskeletal disorders, visual complaints, and increased concentration.

Purpose This study aimed to examine and explain the role of knowledge sharing in shaping innovation culture to improve business performance and build sustainable competitive advantage. Most empirical research tended to be conducted in large companies, and there are limited studies on this topic in the SME sector. Thus, the study needs to re-examine whether the theories developed to understand large companies apply to SMEs. Design/methodology/approach This quantitative study involved 259 respondents from a 59 sampling frame consisting of three levels of management of export SMEs in the Bali province of Indonesia. The questionnaire used to gather the data used a semantic differential scale, and the data were analyzed using SmartPLS software. Findings The results showed that knowledge sharing significantly influenced innovation culture, business performance and sustainable competitive advantage. Theoretically, this research provides insight into the body of knowledge in innovation culture and business performance as a mediator variable. Research limitations/implications Cross-sectional design limits the authors from drawing definitive generalizations, and self-reported measures used in the study increase the chances of bias. Practical implications The study's findings could motivate managers and practitioners to place emphasis on knowledge sharing and innovation culture in the SME sector. Originality/value The role of knowledge sharing has been focused on large companies in several countries. However, research examining the role of knowledge sharing in building an innovation culture is still rare in the SME sector, particularly in Indonesian SMEs. Therefore, research on this topic is needed because Indonesia has not only a different culture but also different business practices.

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk dan menganalisis sejauh mana pengaruh pandemi covid-19 terhadap UMKM yang ada di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menggunakan sumber data sekunder dari hasil penelitian, referensi dan berita <em>online</em> yang terkait langsung dengan penelitian ini. Sejak merebaknya virus corona atau yang dikenal dengan pandemi covid-19 terjadilah penurunan omzet pelaku UMKM yang sangat signifikan.Terdapat beberapa lapangan usaha UMKM yang terkena dampak yang paling besar yaitu penyedia akomodasi, pariwisata, dan makan minum, perdagangan besar dan eceran, serta reparasi sepeda motor dan transportasi dan perdagangan. Berdasarkan data yang diolah P2E LIPI, dampak penurunan pariwisata terhadap UMKM yang bergerak dalam usaha makanan dan minuman mikro mencapai 27%. Sedangkan dampak terhadap usaha kecil makanan dan minuman sebesar 1,77%, dan usaha menengah di angka 0,07%. Pengaruh virus COVID-19 terhadap unit kerajinan dari kayu dan rotan, usaha mikro berada di angka 17,03%. Untuk usaha kecil di sektor kerajinan kayu dan rotan 1,77% dan usaha menengah 0,01%. Sementara itu, konsumsi rumah tangga juga akan terkoreksi antara 0,5% hingga 0,8%. Perkembangan digital dalam globalisasi sangat berpengaruh pada roda ekonomi termasuk pasar ritel. Hasil penellitian menunjukkan bahwa UMKM adalah jenis usaha perekonomian yang paling banyak terdampak dari pandemic covid-19 meliputi indusri automotif, industri baja, peralatan listrik, industri tekstil, kerajinan dan alat berat, pariwisata. Sedangkan industri yang mampu bertahan di masa pandemic covid-19 adalah 1. UMKM yang mampu mengadaptasikan bisnisnya dengan produk-produk inovasi2. Industri ritel yang mampu bertahan , hal ini dikarenakan sebagian memanfaatkan penjualan melalui <em>marketing digital </em>3. Industri lain yang mampu bertahan dimasa pandemi covid 19 adalah industri yang terkait dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar, antara lain listik, air bersih, pertanian, peternakan, perkebunan, perikanan, otomotif dan perbankan. Industri yang mengalami perkembangan selama masa pandemic covid-19 adalah pangan, farmasi, teknologi Informasi dan komunikasi.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci : <em> </em></strong>Pandemi, COVID-19, UMKM</p>

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a thermoplastic polymer produced from lactic acid that has been chiefly utilized in biodegradable material and as a composite matrix material. PLA is a prominent biomaterial that is widely used to replace traditional petrochemical-based polymers in various applications owing environmental concerns. Green composites have gained greater attention as ecological consciousness has grown since they have the potential to be more appealing than conventional petroleum-based composites, which are toxic and nonbiodegradable. PLA-based composites with natural fiber have been extensively utilized in a variety of applications, from packaging to medicine, due to their biodegradable, recyclable, high mechanical strength, low toxicity, good barrier properties, friendly processing, and excellent characteristics. A summary of natural fibers, green composites, and PLA, along with their respective properties, classification, functionality, and different processing methods, are discussed to discover the natural fiber-reinforced PLA composite material development for a wide range of applications. This work also emphasizes the research and properties of PLA-based green composites, PLA blend composites, and PLA hybrid composites over the past few years. PLA's potential as a strong material in engineering applications areas is addressed. This review also covers issues, challenges, opportunities, and perspectives in developing and characterizing PLA-based green composites.

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibres and starches are considered as agro-industrial residue in the agricultural industry. This paper aims to investigate the effect of different concentrations (0–1.0 wt%) of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose (SPNFCs) reinforced sugar palm starch (SPS) on morphological, mechanical and physical properties of the bionanocomposites film. The SPNFCs, having a diameter of 5.5 ± 0.99 nm and length of several micrometres, were prepared from sugar palm fibres via a high-pressure homogenisation process. FESEM investigation of casting solution displayed good miscibility between SPS and SPNFCs. The FTIR analysis revealed good compatibility between the SPS and SPNFCs, and there were existence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between them. The SPS/sPNFCs with 1.0 wt% had undergone an increment in both the tensile strength and Young’s modulus when compared with the SPS film, from 4.80 MPa to 10.68 MPa and 53.97 MPa to 121.26 MPa, respectively. The enhancement in water barrier resistance was led by reinforcing SPNFCs into the matrix, which resulted in bionanocomposites. The properties of bionanocomposites will be enhanced for short-life applications, such as recyclable container and plastic packaging through the incorporation of SPNFCs within the SPS bionanocomposites.

There has been much effort to provide eco-friendly and biodegradable materials for the next generation of composite products owing to global environmental concerns and increased awareness of renewable green resources. This review article uniquely highlights the use of green composites from natural fiber, particularly with regard to the development and characterization of chitosan, natural-fiber-reinforced chitosan biopolymer, chitosan blends, and chitosan nanocomposites. Natural fiber composites have a number of advantages such as durability, low cost, low weight, high specific strength, non-abrasiveness, equitably good mechanical properties, environmental friendliness, and biodegradability. Findings revealed that chitosan is a natural fiber that falls to the animal fiber category. As it has a biomaterial form, chitosan can be presented as hydrogels, sponges, film, and porous membrane. There are different processing methods in the preparation of chitosan composites such as solution and solvent casting, dipping and spray coating, freeze casting and drying, layer-by-layer preparation, and extrusion. It was also reported that the developed chitosan-based composites possess high thermal stability, as well as good chemical and physical properties. In these regards, chitosan-based "green" composites have wide applicability and potential in the industry of biomedicine, cosmetology, papermaking, wastewater treatment, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals.

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibre is considered as a waste product of the agricultural industry. This paper is investigating the isolation of nanofibrillated cellulose from sugar palm fibres produced by a chemo-mechanical approach, thus opening a new way to utilize waste products more efficiently. Chemical pre-treatments, namely delignification and mercerization processes, were initially involved to extract the sugar palm cellulose. Then, mechanical pre-treatment was performed by passing the sugar palm cellulose through a refiner to avoid clogging in the subsequent process of high pressurized homogenization. Nanofibrillated cellulose was then characterized by its chemical properties (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), physical morphological properties (i.e. scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis), and thermogravimetric analysis. The nanofibres were attained at 500 bar for 15 cycles with 92% yield. The results showed that the average diameter and length of the nanofibrillated cellulose were found to be 5.5 ± 1.0 nm and several micrometres, respectively. They also displayed higher crystallinity (81.2%) and thermal stability compared to raw fibres, which served its purpose as an effective reinforcing material for use as bio-nanocomposites. The nanocellulose developed promises to be a very versatile material by having a huge potential in many applications, encompassing bio-packaging to scaffolds for tissue regeneration. Keywords: Agricultural waste, Sugar palm fibre, Nanocellulose, Sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose, High pressurized homogenization (HPH)

COVID-19 has a severe and widespread impact, especially in Indonesia. COVID-19 was first reported in Indonesia on March 03, 2020 then rapidly spread to all 34 provinces by April 09, 2020. Since then, COVID-19 is declared a state of national disaster and health emergency. This research analyzes the difference of CO, HCHO, NO2, and SO2 density in Jakarta, West Java, Central Java, and South Sulawesi before and during the pandemic. Also, this study assesses the effect of large scale restrictions on the economic growth during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. In a nutshell, the results on Wilcoxon and Fisher test by significance level α=5% as well as odds ratio showed that there are significant differences of CO density in all regions with highest odds ratio in East Java (OR=9.07), significant differences of HCHO density in DKI Jakarta, East Java, and South Sulawesi. There are significant differences of NO2 density before and during public activities limitation in DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java, and South Sulawesi. However, the results show that there are no significant differences of SO2 density in all regions. In addition, this research shows that there are significant differences of retail, grocery and pharmacy, and residental mobility before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This research also shows that during the COVID-19 pandemic there are severe economic losses, industry, companies, and real disruptions are severe for all levels of life due to large scale restrictions.

In Indonesia, starch, particularly that obtained from bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus), is abundant and inexpensive, thereby increasing the value of bengkuang starch, which can be mixed with bioplastic-based starch. A biocomposite comprising nanocellulose from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and bengkuang starch was successfully fabricated using the solution casting method. Nanocellulose content in the matrix was kept constant at 1 wt%. Moreover, during fabrication, the biocomposite gel was treated in an ultrasonic bath for 0, 15, 30, and 60 min. Further, thermogravimetric analysis, moisture absorption measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were performed. The biocomposite sample vibrated for 60 min had the highest thermal stability and exhibited low moisture absorption. The soil burial test proved that this biocomposite, as opposed to 0-min vibrated samples, has a slower biodegradation rate. This result was supported by morphological evaluation after biodegradation, in which the 60-min vibrated samples showed a coarse surface and low porosity formation.

The implementation of this research consists of 2 (two) aspects: the making and testing of bio-briquettes called technological aspects and economic analysis called economic aspects. Bio-briquettes is made from cashew nutshell waste obtained from Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is followed by pyrolysis, which is carried out in a simple batch type reactor by heating using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The bio-briquettes product has a calorific value of 29.49 MJ/kg, moisture content of 5.3%, ash content of 4.96%, volatile substances content of 17.16%, and carbon content of 72.62%, which meets the universally accepted bio-briquettes standard (SNI 016235-2000), Japanese, English and ISO 17225. The bio-briquettes product is suitable as an energy source. The economic analysis of the cashew nutshell was analyzed to determine its economic feasibility. For the bio-briquettes production capacity in 2,000 tons/year, cashew nut shell-briquettes products can be sold at 1,052,878 USD/year. The total production cost is USD842,304/year. The net profit is of USD147,402/year. The cost of LPG for 2,000 tons/year production capacity is USD954,358/years. The replacement of LPG with cashew seed bio-briquettes tends to help the average household of Muna Regency community to reduce the annual cost by 37.00%. In conclusion, bio-briquettes production's economic feasibility as analyzed from the investment rate is 23.55%, payout time is 3.42 years, and break-even point is 50.09%.

Abstract Additive manufacturing such as 3D printing is considered as a highly convenient manufacturing process since it enables to create any 3D objects. It is known that different materials, printing techniques, and printing parameters are affecting the mechanical properties of the printed objects. However, studies on the mechanical properties of the 3D printed structure are still limited. In this work, investigation of the relationship between two printing parameters, i.e. infill pattern and infill density were conducted on the Polylactic Acid (PLA) material. Three infill densities, 25%, 50%, and 75%, and three infill patterns, grid, tri-hexagon, and concentric, were chosen. The tensile test, ASTM D638, was employed to obtain the material properties based on these two printing parameters. An open-source 3D printing slicer software, Cura, was used to manufacture the tensile specimens. The Young’s modulus, yield strength, and ultimate strength were recorded and examined. The results showed that the tensile properties increase as infill density increases. Of the three-printing pattern, the concentric has the highest values of tensile properties regardless of the infill densities. This finding can be used as a reference for creating a finite element model (FEM) as well as predicting the optimum tensile properties with respect to the printing parameters.

The purpose of this paper is to examine determinant factors that influence lecturers' productivity during working from home arrangement in the covid-19 pandemic. The focus is the impact of organizational factors that includes IT training, digital infrastructure, and management support, and individual factors as represented by digital orientation on employees' digital capability which in turn affect their productivity. A survey of academic staff from 15 faculties at a state in East Java, Indonesia was conducted as the data collection method. A total of 267 completed questionnaires were analysed using SmartPLS version 2.0. Only an individual's digital orientation was found to have significant impact on the individual's digital capability which in turn affected their d productivity during implementing work from home in this covid-19 pandemic. The research findings suggest the importance of digital orientation in staff selection criteria and for universities to move to greater online delivery of courses combined with flexible working options for staff.

This paper discusses the importance of employability skills of graduates in entering the workforce according to employers' perceptions, through a literature review. In 21 st century workplace, the occupation-specific skills are no longer sufficient for graduates to meet the needs of labour markets. Workers are nowadays expected to have an additional set of skills and attributes, called employability skills. Employability skills become a very important issue at the national, regional, and international labour market. The literature review found a number of employability skills attribute required by graduates in entering the workforce. Communication skills, problem-solving and decision-making skills, and teamwork skills are the attributes of employability skills with highest importance level. Graduates are also expected to have a number of personal attributes included: self-awareness, self-confidence, independence, emotional

Program beasiswa Bidik Misi adalah program bantuan biaya pendidikan bagi calon mahasiswa tidak mampu secara ekonomi dan memiliki potensi akademik baik untuk menempuh pendidikan di perguruan tinggi. Penerima Beasiswa Bidik Misi ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria tertentu. Sistem pendukung keputusan merupakan sebuah sistem yang digunakan untuk menentukan alternatif penerima Beasiswa Bidik Misi di Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin yang paling mendekati kriteria yang telah ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Konsep dasar dari metode Simple Additive Weighting ini adalah mencari penjumlahan terbobot dari rating kinerja pada setiap alternatif pada semua kriteria. Pengujian dilakukan dengan data baru (data uji) dari alternatif penerima Beasiswa Bidik Misi data uji tersebut dinormalisasi sesuai dengan jenis atribut kriteria (benefit atau cost). Hasil akhir diperoleh dari proses perhitungan, yaitu penjumlahan dari matriks ternormalisasi dengan bobot per kriteria yang menunjukkan rangking alternatif penerima beasiswa dari yang paling mendekati kriteria hingga yang paling jauh dari kriteria. Dari sana lah didapat alternatif yang kemudian mendapat Beasiswa Bidik Misi.

Automatic facial expression recognition is an actively emerging research in Emotion Recognition. This paper extends the deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach to facial expression recognition task. This task is done by detecting the occurrence of facial Action Units (AUs) as a subpart of Facial Action Coding System (FACS) which represents human emotion. In the CNN fully-connected layers we employ a regularization method called "dropout" that proved to be very effective to reduce overfitting. This research uses the extended Cohn Kanade (CK+) dataset which is collected for facial expression recognition experiment. The system performance gain average accuracy rate of 92.81%. The system has been successfully classified eight basic emotion classes. Thus, the proposed method is proven to be effective for emotion recognition.

The novelty of this work lies in isolating cellulose nanofibers from ramie (Boehmerianivea (L.) Gaud) using chemical-ultrasonication treatment. The cellulose nanofibers were successfully isolated from ramie with a diameter and length of 9.9–89.1 nm and 1 μm, respectively. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Indeed, there is a decrease in the hemicellulose and lignin content while the cellulose content increases due to the pulping and bleaching processes. The chemical-ultrasonication treatment results in a high yield of cellulose nanofibers (89.35%).

In the development of gas sensors, many material based on Metal Oxide Semiconductor is often used, one of them is Tin Oxide (SnO2). SnO2is widely used for CO gas sensor because of several advantages including long life expectancy, relatively stable, high durability, resistance to corrosive gases, and good mechanical resistance. Performance improvement of CO gas sensor has been carried out by synthesizing SnO2 by polyol technique to produce nanostructured powder followed by deposition on alumina substrate using doctor blade coating technique. In order to determine the performance of the sensor material, the sample was characterized using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and BETcalculation of N2 adsorption-desorption. The XRD analysis showed the tetragonal crystal phase of SnO2, and BET analysis result in 24,53 m2/g surface area. Furthermore, SEM image showed the nanorod shape of SnO2 morphology with diameter 50nm–2 μm. Sensor characterization with 30 ppm CO gas showed that the sample can work in 150oC working temperature with sensitivity of 52.84%.

Although social capital and collaborative knowledge creation were considered essential drivers in maintaining competitive advantage, empirical evidence on the impact of collaborative knowledge creation on organizational agility remained limited. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between social capital and collaborative knowledge creation in building innovation and agility and testing strategic flexibility as a moderating variable. It employed a quantitative design by distributing questionnaires to 414 managers and assistant managers of SMEs analyzed by SmartPLS-SEM. The results showed that social capital significantly affected collaborative knowledge creation, innovation, and organizational agility. Meanwhile, collaborative knowledge creation has no significant impact on organizational agility. Furthermore, strategic flexibility was not a moderating variable of the relationship between innovation and organizational agility. Based on these findings, this study produced recommendations for managers to strengthen organizational agility.

Volcanic eruptions affect land and humans globally. When a volcano erupts, tons of volcanic ash materials are ejected to the atmosphere and deposited on land. The hazard posed by volcanic ash is not limited to the area in proximity to the volcano, but can also affect a vast area. Ashes ejected from volcano’s affect people’s daily life and disrupts agricultural activities and damages crops. However, the positive outcome of this natural event is that it secures fertile soil for the future. This paper examines volcanic ash (tephra) from a soil security view-point, mainly its capability. This paper reviews the positive aspects of volcanic ash, which has a high capability to supply nutrients to plant, and can also sequester a large amount of carbon out of the atmosphere. We report some studies around the world, which evaluated soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation since volcanic eruptions. The mechanisms of SOC protection in volcanic ash soil include organo-metallic complexes, chemical protection, and physical protection. Two case studies of volcanic ash from Mt. Talang and Sinabung in Sumatra, Indonesia showed the rapid accumulation of SOC through lichens and vascular plants. Volcanic ash plays an important role in the global carbon cycle and ensures soil security in volcanic regions of the world in terms of boosting its capability. However, there is also a human dimension, which does not go well with volcanic ash. Volcanic ash can severely destroy agricultural areas and farmers’ livelihoods. Connectivity and codification needs to ensure farming in the area to take into account of risk and build appropriate adaptation and resilient strategy.

The significant decrease in agricultural land and the rapid development of hydroponic system technology such as Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), have brought huge challenge to farmers. This hydroponic system requires special attention to several parameters such as the water temperature, water level, acidity (pH), and the concentration of the nutrient (EC/PPM). We first monitor and collect information from NFT Hydroponic farmer and then systematically evaluate and analyze them. Unfortunately, it is still controlled by using the conventional way (human), for example in controlling the concentrations of nutrient has to be done at least once a day, so much time is wasted. In addressing these issues, we need a system that can be applied and used easily. We built a hydroponic monitoring and automation system that can monitored using sensors connected to the Arduino Uno microcontrollerm, Wi-Fi module ESP8266 and Raspberry Pi 2 Model B microcomputers as the webserver with the concept Internet of Things, in which each block hydroponic farming can communicate with the webserver (broker). Web used as the interface of the system that allows user to monitor and control the NFT hydroponic farming. The NFT hydroponic web interface management systems using a responsive web framework, such as Bootstrap for the front-end, JQuery and JavaScript libraries. The result shows that this system helps farmers to increase the effectivity and efficiency on monitoring and controlling NFT Hydroponic Farm.