Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Semarang

Dalam menjalankan suatu usaha diperlukan keterampilan manajemen untuk mengatur segenap sumber daya yang dimiliki. Baik dari pengelolaan tenaga kerja, pemasaran, hingga operasional, semuanya tidak terlepas dari aspek keuangan. Untuk itu, sangat penting bagi pengelola perusahaan dalam hal ini manajer dan bagian terkait untuk memahami konsep manajemen keuangan dengan baik.Menjawab hal di atas, maka buku yang saat ini ada di tangan Anda hadir untuk membantu para pembacanya yang ingin memahami konseptual dasar ilmu manajemen keuangan dengan pembahasan yang mudah dan lugas.Adapun isi pembahasan dalam buku ini terdiri dari 13 bab yang saling terhubung, yaitu: Tinjauan Dasar Manajemen Keuangan; Nilai Waktu dari Uang; Konsep Laporan Keuangan; Arus Kas dan Perpajakan; Pasar dan Institusi Keuangan; Tingkat Bunga; Saham dan Valuasinya; Risiko dan Tingkat Pengembalian; Dasar-dasar Penganggaran Modal; Kebijakan Dividen; Struktur Modal dan Leverage; Manajemen Modal Kerja; Perencanaan dan Ramalan Keuangan.

BACKGROUND: Timely and comprehensive analyses of causes of death stratified by age, sex, and location are essential for shaping effective health policies aimed at reducing global mortality. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2023 provides cause-specific mortality estimates measured in counts, rates, and years of life lost (YLLs). GBD 2023 aimed to enhance our understanding of the relationship between age and cause of death by quantifying the probability of dying before age 70 years (70q0) and the mean age at death by cause and sex. This study enables comparisons of the impact of causes of death over time, offering a deeper understanding of how these causes affect global populations. METHODS: GBD 2023 produced estimates for 292 causes of death disaggregated by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2023. We used a modelling tool developed for GBD, the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm), to estimate cause-specific death rates for most causes. We computed YLLs as the product of the number of deaths for each cause-age-sex-location-year and the standard life expectancy at each age. Probability of death was calculated as the chance of dying from a given cause in a specific age period, for a specific population. Mean age at death was calculated by first assigning the midpoint age of each age group for every death, followed by computing the mean of all midpoint ages across all deaths attributed to a given cause. We used GBD death estimates to calculate the observed mean age at death and to model the expected mean age across causes, sexes, years, and locations. The expected mean age reflects the expected mean age at death for individuals within a population, based on global mortality rates and the population's age structure. Comparatively, the observed mean age represents the actual mean age at death, influenced by all factors unique to a location-specific population, including its age structure. As part of the modelling process, uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated using the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles from a 250-draw distribution for each metric. Findings are reported as counts and age-standardised rates. Methodological improvements for cause-of-death estimates in GBD 2023 include a correction for the misclassification of deaths due to COVID-19, updates to the method used to estimate COVID-19, and updates to the CODEm modelling framework. This analysis used 55 761 data sources, including vital registration and verbal autopsy data as well as data from surveys, censuses, surveillance systems, and cancer registries, among others. For GBD 2023, there were 312 new country-years of vital registration cause-of-death data, 3 country-years of surveillance data, 51 country-years of verbal autopsy data, and 144 country-years of other data types that were added to those used in previous GBD rounds. FINDINGS: The initial years of the COVID-19 pandemic caused shifts in long-standing rankings of the leading causes of global deaths: it ranked as the number one age-standardised cause of death at Level 3 of the GBD cause classification hierarchy in 2021. By 2023, COVID-19 dropped to the 20th place among the leading global causes, returning the rankings of the leading two causes to those typical across the time series (ie, ischaemic heart disease and stroke). While ischaemic heart disease and stroke persist as leading causes of death, there has been progress in reducing their age-standardised mortality rates globally. Four other leading causes have also shown large declines in global age-standardised mortality rates across the study period: diarrhoeal diseases, tuberculosis, stomach cancer, and measles. Other causes of death showed disparate patterns between sexes, notably for deaths from conflict and terrorism in some locations. A large reduction in age-standardised rates of YLLs occurred for neonatal disorders. Despite this, neonatal disorders remained the leading cause of global YLLs over the period studied, except in 2021, when COVID-19 was temporarily the leading cause. Compared to 1990, there has been a considerable reduction in total YLLs in many vaccine-preventable diseases, most notably diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and measles. In addition, this study quantified the mean age at death for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality and found noticeable variation by sex and location. The global all-cause mean age at death increased from 46·8 years (95% UI 46·6-47·0) in 1990 to 63·4 years (63·1-63·7) in 2023. For males, mean age increased from 45·4 years (45·1-45·7) to 61·2 years (60·7-61·6), and for females it increased from 48·5 years (48·1-48·8) to 65·9 years (65·5-66·3), from 1990 to 2023. The highest all-cause mean age at death in 2023 was found in the high-income super-region, where the mean age for females reached 80·9 years (80·9-81·0) and for males 74·8 years (74·8-74·9). By comparison, the lowest all-cause mean age at death occurred in sub-Saharan Africa, where it was 38·0 years (37·5-38·4) for females and 35·6 years (35·2-35·9) for males in 2023. Lastly, our study found that all-cause 70q0 decreased across each GBD super-region and region from 2000 to 2023, although with large variability between them. For females, we found that 70q0 notably increased from drug use disorders and conflict and terrorism. Leading causes that increased 70q0 for males also included drug use disorders, as well as diabetes. In sub-Saharan Africa, there was an increase in 70q0 for many non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Additionally, the mean age at death from NCDs was lower than the expected mean age at death for this super-region. By comparison, there was an increase in 70q0 for drug use disorders in the high-income super-region, which also had an observed mean age at death lower than the expected value. INTERPRETATION: We examined global mortality patterns over the past three decades, highlighting-with enhanced estimation methods-the impacts of major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to broader trends such as increasing NCDs in low-income regions that reflect ongoing shifts in the global epidemiological transition. This study also delves into premature mortality patterns, exploring the interplay between age and causes of death and deepening our understanding of where targeted resources could be applied to further reduce preventable sources of mortality. We provide essential insights into global and regional health disparities, identifying locations in need of targeted interventions to address both communicable and non-communicable diseases. There is an ever-present need for strengthened health-care systems that are resilient to future pandemics and the shifting burden of disease, particularly among ageing populations in regions with high mortality rates. Robust estimates of causes of death are increasingly essential to inform health priorities and guide efforts toward achieving global health equity. The need for global collaboration to reduce preventable mortality is more important than ever, as shifting burdens of disease are affecting all nations, albeit at different paces and scales. FUNDING: Gates Foundation.

Stres dan kecemasan adalah reaksi terhadap situasi yang mengancam dan tak terduga seperti dalam wabah pandemi koronavirus. Petugas kesehatan adalah yang paling rentan terhadap hal tersebut. Reaksi terkait stres meliputi perubahan konsentrasi, lekas marah, cemas, susah tidur, berkurangnya produktivitas, dan konflik antarpribadi, dalam kasus selanjutnya, mereka akan mengalami kondisi kejiwaan yang lebih parah, pemisahan dari keluarga, situasi abnormal, peningkatan paparan, ketakutan akan penularan COVID-19, perasaan gagal dalam menangani prognosis yang buruk, fasilitas teknis yang tidak memadai, APD, alat dan peralatan, untuk membantu merawat pasien. Petugas kesehatan mengalami kesulitan mempertahankan kondisi kesehatan fisik dan mental yang berisiko mengalami gangguan psikologis seperti depresi, kecemasan, stres berat, dan kelelahan. Faktor risiko lain yang diidentifikasi adalah perasaan tidak didukung, kekhawatiran tentang kesehatan pribadi, takut membawa infeksi dan menularkannya kepada anggota keluarga atau orang lain, diisolasi, perasaan tidak pasti, stigmatisasi sosial, beban kerja yang berlebihan, dan merasa tidak aman ketika memberikan layanan perawatan dan kesehatan pada pasien COVID-19. Catatan PenerbitPolekkes Kemenkes Kendari menyatakan tetap netral sehubungan dengan klaim dari perspektif atau buah pikiran yang diterbitkan dan dari afiliasi institusional manapun. PendanaanPenulis tidak menerima pendanaan yang sifatnya spesifik untuk kajian ini.

Octopuses are generally characterised by rapid non-asymptotic growth, with high individual variability. However, in situ octopus growth is not well understood. The lack of an ageing method has resulted in the majority of our understanding of octopus growth coming from laboratory studies. Despite not being applicable to cephalopods, Modal Progression Analysis (MPA) of length–frequency data is the most common method for examining in situ octopus growth. Recently, counting growth increments in beaks and vestigial shells, and quantifying lipofuscin in brain tissue, have all shown promise for the ageing octopus. Octopuses generally demonstrate two-phase growth in the laboratory, with physiological changes possibly associated with the switch between an initial rapid exponential phase and a slower power growth phase. Temperature and food ration and quality are key factors influencing the initial growth phase. Temperature, however, does not appear to affect the second phase in any consistent way, perhaps because maturity stage can influence the growth response. There may be basic differences in the mechanisms of octopus muscle growth compared with that of other cephalopods. Furthermore, higher relative maintenance energy expenditure, along with the low energy content of their prey, may account for the relatively slow growth of deep-sea octopuses compared to littoral species.

Stunting reflects the existence of chronic malnutrition problems, which influenced by the condition nutrition status of the prospective mother, during pregnancy, and baby 1000 first days of life (1000 HPK) It’s also influenced by health status on 1000 HPK. Stunting has a long-term adverse impact of declining cognitive ability and learning achievement decreased immunity and high risk for the emergence of diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancer, stroke, and disability when they adults. It’s will lead to poor quality of work. Improvement efforts have needed for stunting prevention through specific nutritional interventions, particularly during pregnancy. Antenatal class is one measurement that can be used to disseminate information for behavior change relating to nutrition and healthiness during pregnancy to prevent stunting. This study aims to obtain the influence of the antenatal class toward knowledge and attitude improvement on stunting prevention. Pre-experimental design (one group pre-test post-test) with a sample of 35 first trimester pregnant women without complications, which are given antenatal class three times. Data retrieved with instruments of pre and post-intervention (antenatal class). Data were analyzed using a paired t-test for the knowledge variables and the Wilcoxon test for attitudinal variables. There was a significant influence of the antenatal class toward knowledge and attitude improvement on stunting prevention (p-value<0,05). The antenatal class increases pregnant women’s knowledge and attitude on stunting prevention.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The exact prevalence of sleep disorders following stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing, insomnia, periodic leg movement during sleep, and restless leg syndrome following stroke or TIA in acute, subacute, and chronic phases and examine the moderating effects of patient characteristics (eg, age) and methodological features (eg, study quality) on the prevalence. METHODS: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. Embase and PubMed were searched from inception to December 18, 2019. We included 64 047 adults in 169 studies (prospective, retrospective, case-control, and cross-sectional study designs) reporting the prevalence of sleep disorders following stroke or TIA. RESULTS: In the acute phase, the overall prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe sleep-disordered breathing was 66.8%, 50.3%, and 31.6% (95% CIs, 63.8-69.7, 41.9-58.7, and 24.9-39.1). In the subacute phase, the prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe sleep-disordered breathing was 65.5%, 44.3%, and 36.1% (95% CIs, 58.9-71.5, 36.1-52.8, and 22.2-52.8). In the chronic phase, the summary prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe sleep-disordered breathing was 66.2%, 33.1%, and 25.1% (95% CIs, 58.6-73.1, 24.8-42.6, and 10.9-47.6). The prevalence rates of insomnia in the acute, subacute, and chronic phases were 40.7%, 42.6%, and 35.9% (95% CIs, 31.8-50.3, 31.7-54.1, and 28.6-44.0). The pooled prevalence of periodic leg movement during sleep in the acute, subacute, and chronic phases was 32.0%, 27.3%, and 48.2% (95% CIs, 7.4-73.5, 11.6-51.7, and 33.1-63.5). The summary prevalence of restless leg syndrome in the acute and chronic phases was 10.4% and 13.7% (95 CIs, 6.4-16.4 and 2.3-51.8). Age, sex, comorbidities, smoking history, and study region had significant moderating effects on the prevalence of sleep disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep disorders following stroke or TIA are highly prevalent over time. Our findings indicate the importance of early screening and treating sleep disorders following stroke or TIA.

The present study utilized the catalytic pyrolysis method for extracting oil from waste high-density polyethylene (WHDPE) plastics. Experiments were carried out with D70H30 (diesel-70%, WHDPE oil-30%) blend under the influence of three start of pilot injection (SoPI) timings [45° before top dead center (bTDC), 50°bTDC, and 55°bTDC] and three pilot fuel injection quantity (PFIQ) (10%, 20%, and 30%) at the engine’s rated power output. Later, the impact of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) (0%, 10%, and 20%) was studied with the optimum SoPI and PFIQ. Experimental results indicated that at SoPI timing of 55°bTDC and at PFIQ of 30%, the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased by 8.5%, nitrogen oxides (NOx) increased by 19.25%, while smoke, hydrocarbons (HC), and CO emission got lowered with baseline operation of the blend and found to be best among other modifications. In the next phase of the work, exhaust gas is recirculated at 10% and 20%. The results portray that inclusion of 10% EGR in the intake at SoPI 55°bTDC and at PFIQ 30% has shown 1.7% higher BTE, with 3.7% and 28.9% lower NOx and smoke emission compared to the single main injection of the blend. It is concluded that pilot injection strategy with 30% PFIQ and SoPI timing of 55°bTDC at 10% EGR rate can be adopted to utilize WHDPE oil/diesel in diesel engines effectively.

One of the nutritional problems that occur is overweight. The level of knowledge nutrition in an adolescent is one of the factors that can affect the occurrence of obesity in adolescents. Most occurrences of nutritional problems are more or less avoidable if adolescents have sufficient knowledge and attitudes about maintaining nutrition and managing food. This research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-post test with control group design. The subjects of this study were overweight adolescents totaling 40 people, the intervention group received education through audiovisual media while the control group with leaflets. The results showed the average value of knowledge and attitudes of adolescents after and before being given education for Leaflet groups were the average value of knowledge before 8.60 and after 9.48, attitudes value before 36.58 and after 40.38. While audiovisual media groups, the average value of knowledge before 8.83 and after 9.42, values for attitudes before 36.45 and after 39.65. There was an influence of education by using audiovisual media and leaflets to increase the knowledge and attitudes of overweight adolescents. Suggestions for schools to be able to use audiovisual media and leaflets as a medium to educate nutrition about students in schools so that they can apply daily life and remind each other to lose weight and live healthy lives.

Temulawak merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat untuk mengobati jerawat. Salah satu faktor pemicu timbulnya jerawat adalah produksi minyak yang berlebih pada kulit wajah. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sediaan yang tidak mengandung bahan dasar yang berlemak yang bisa memicu produksi minyak berlebih pada wajah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat suatu sediaan salep anti jerawat dari ekstrak rimpang temulawak yang memenuhi syarat pengujian sediaan salep. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang dilakukan di laboratorium. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rimpang temulawak. Rimpang temulawak dibuat menjadi ekstrak kental menggunakan metode maserasi. Hasil ekstrak kental yang diperoleh dibuat menjadi salep, dengan basis salep larut air yang terdiri dari 40% PEG 4000 dan 60% PEG 400 serta nipagin sebagai pengawet. Salep kemudian melewati beberapa uji diantaranya uji organoleptik, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji daya sebar, uji kemampuan proteksi, uji daya serap, uji daya lekat dan uji ukuran partikel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ekstrak rimpang temulawak dapat dibuat menjadi sediaan salep yang memenuhi persyaratan pengujian sediaan salep. Kata Kunci : Salep anti jerawat, Ekstrak rimpang temulawak.

Nilai perusahaan yang meningkat akan mempengaruhi nilai pemegang saham apabila peningkatan ditandai dengan tingkat pengembalian investasi yang tinggi kepada pemegang saham. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio likuiditas, profitabilitas, struktur modal dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di BEI tahun 2015-2017 sebanyak 69 sampel.Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda.Data diolah dengan menggunakan SPSS. Berdasarkan uji t rasio profitabilitas yang diproksikan dengan ROA berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan, sedangkan rasio likuiditas, struktur modal dan ukuran perusahaan yang diproksikan Current ratio, Debt to equity ratio dan Total Asset tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Berdasarkan uji ANOVA, Current ratio, Debt to equity ratio, Total Asset dan Return On Asset berpengaruh secara bersama-sama terhadap nilai perusahaan. Dari hasil koefisien determinasi dapat disimpulkan bahwa keempat variabel independen mempengaruhi nilai perusahaan sebesar 52,2 % sedangkan 47,8 % dapat dijelaskan oleh faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam penelitian.Kata Kunci : Current ratio; Debt to equity ratio; Total Asset; Return On Asset; Nilai Perusahaan

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is an exotic vegetable used for consumption and medicinal purposes mainly throughout Asia. Phenolics were extracted from pericarp (fleshy portion) and seeds of bitter melons harvested at three maturation stages (immature, mature, and ripe) using ethanol and water solvent systems. Total phenolic assessment demonstrated 80% of ethanol to be the optimal solvent level to extract phenolics either from pericarp or seed. Main phenolic constituents in the extracts were catechin, gallic acid, gentisic acid, chlorogenic acid, and epicatechin. Free radical scavenging assay using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) demonstrated the bitter melon extracts as slow rate free radical scavenging agents. There were low correlations between the total phenolic contents and antiradical power values of the extracts, suggesting a possible interaction among the phenolic constituents occurred. Bitter melon phenolic extracts contain natural antioxidant substances, and could be used as antioxidant agents in suitable food products.

ABSTRACT I provide evidence that stocks experiencing unusually low trading volume over the week prior to earnings announcements have more unfavorable earnings surprises. This effect is more pronounced among stocks with higher short‐selling constraints. These findings support the view that unusually low trading volume signals negative information, since, under short‐selling constraints, informed agents with bad news stay by the sidelines. Changes in visibility or risk‐based explanations are insufficient to explain the results. This evidence provides insights into why unusually low trading volume predicts price declines.

Kenya has made progress towards universal health coverage as evidenced in the various policy initiatives and reforms that have been implemented in the country since independence. The purpose of this analysis was to critically review the various initiatives that the government of Kenya has over the years initiated towards the realization of Universal Health Care (UHC) and how this has impacted on health equity. The paper relied heavly on secondary sources of information although primary data data was collected. Whereas secondary data was largely collected through critical review of policy documents and commissioned studies by the Ministry of Health and development partners, primary data was collected through interviews with various stakeholders involved in UHC including policy makers, implementers, researchers and health service providers. Key findings include commitment towards UHC; minimal solidarity in health care financing; cases of dysfunctionalilty of health care system; minimal opportunities for continuous medical training; quality concerns in terms of stock-outs of drugs and other medical supplies, dilapidated health infrastructure and inadequqte number of health workers. Other findings include governance concerns at NHIF coupled with, high operational costs, low capitation, fraud at facility levels, low pay out ratio, accreditation of facilities, and narrowness of the benefit package, among others. In lieu of these, various recommendations have been suggested. Among these include promotion of solidarty in health care financing that are reliable and economical in collecting; political will to enhance commitment towards devolution of health care, engagement of various stakeholders at both county and national government in fast tracking the enactment of Health Act; investment in health infrastructure and training of human resources; revamping NHIF into a full-fledged social health insurance scheme, and enhancing capacity of NHIF human resources, enhanced awareness amongst members, enhanced benefit package among other recommendations.

Kanker payudara adalah kanker terbanyak kedua di dunia merupakan kanker yang sering terjadi pada perempuan. Kanker payudara dapat di deteksi lebih dini dengan cara pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) untuk mengetahui stadium awal, sehingga pengobatan dini akan memperpanjang harapan hidup penderita kanker payudara. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan dengan video dan demonstrasi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan dalam pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI). Desain penelitian quasi experiment dengan rancangan penelitian pre-post control design. Populasi adalah seluruh siswi kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Sumber Kabupaten Cirebon yang hadir dan bersedia menjadi responden, siswi yang sudah rutin melakukan SADARI sejumlah 200 orang, dengan sampel 30 orang melalui purposive sampling.Instrumen menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan tentang SADARI yang di modifikasi oleh Pratama Ayunda yang telah dilakukan uji validitas dan reabilitas Chronbach Alpha (0,979) serta video sebagai instrument intervensi , dan instrument Phantom payudara dengan menggunakan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) untuk kelompok control.Analisa data menggunakan Paired T Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan remaja sebelum diberikan intervensi dan setelah diberikan intervensi berupa video dan demonstrasi pengetahuan remaja mengalami peningkatan menjadi lebih baik, terdapat pengaruh peningkatan pengetahuan dengan menggunakan media video dan metode demonstrasi sebelum dan sesudah intervensi, dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna kenaikan rata-rata pada kelompok video dan demonstrasi.Direkomendasikan bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar memodifikasi demontrasi agar tidak membosankan, menambah jumlah responden dan variabel penelitian.

School is one of the educational institutions that serve as targets Behavior Clean and HealthyLifestyle ( PHBs ). This is because the amount of data a disease that occurs in school-age children (ages6-10 ) such as intestinal worms ( 60–80 % ) , and dental caries ( 74 % ) . This study aimsto describeof PHBS students at 42elementary school Korong Gadang Kuranji District of Padang in 2014. Thisresearch is descriptive. Thepopulation was all students grades 4–6 elementary school who are 71and all the population sampled. Univariatble descriptive analysis to describe the characteristics ofthe respondent. The results showed that the knowledge was lowest for the use of sanitary latrines andhealthier, which amounted to 67.6 % , amounting to 56.3 % of students did not accept to be a healthysnack in the cafeteria sekolahdan as much as 100 % of students do not carry healthy snacks in the schoolcafeteria. This study suggests that schools can optimize the PHBs by activating the UKS program atthe school. This study suggests that schools can optimize the PHBs by activating the program of SchoolHealth UnitKeywords: behavio-r, students, 42 Elementary School Korong Gadang

Forty Army families were investigated regarding their history of geographic mobility, identification with Army life, their personal well-being and children's school achievement and social competence. Frequent relocation was not found to be detrimental to service member or spouse and, in fact, was positively associated with higher child and social competence. Military identification correlated with well-being for service members, but not for spouses. However, it was the degree of spouse military identification that was more strongly related to children's adjustment than that of service members. The role of military living in reducing relocation stresses is discussed and implications are drawn for nonmilitary populations.

Knowledge is the result of know and this occurred after people perform sensing on a particular object. Factors affecting knowledge of factors including internal, external and learning approach. In addition to these three factors one's knowledge is also influenced by education, age, and tenure. Knowledge of dental care will increase if the role of educators in schools. One effort to improve oral health knowledge, the role of a primary school PE teachers to deliver to elementary students is expected. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of education, age and years of elementary school PE teacher in Tampaksiring district, Gianyar. The method used by means of an observational survey on 31 PE teachers, with Spearman analysis. From the analysis results obtained by the significant correlation (0.037 <0.05) between level of education and level of knowledge.And no significant relationship between the level of knowledge with age (0.618> 0.05) and the level of knowledge with tenure (0.596> 0.05). The conclusion of this study, the majority of primary school PE teachers in Tampaksiring district has a bachelor's level education with an excellent level of knowledge. It is advisable to conduct training dental health education on a regular basis to improve the knowledge of primary school PE teachers throughout the Tampaksiring district, Gianyar

Lonjakan perubahan metode pembelajaran terjadi cukup signifikan pada pandemi Covid-19. Setelah masuknya Covid-19 di Indonesia, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk menghilangkan pembelajaran tatap muka sementara. Pandemi Covid-19 telah menciptakan tantangan berikutnya dalam pendidikan keperawatan. Mahasiswa keperawatan, dilarang berpartisipasi dalam kesempatan belajar tatap muka dan pengalaman klinis "langsung". Dunia pendidikan keperawatan meresponnya dengan melakukan proses pembelajaran online melalui elearning (pembelajaran elektronik) yang dikembangkan oleh perguruan tinggi masing-masing dan sumber belajar online lainnya yang tersedia di dunia maya. Untuk mengakomodasi mahasiswa keperawatan yang dalam bahaya tidak maju dalam studi akademis mereka dan untuk menyelesaikan gelar. Kajian pustaka bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran metode pembelajaran selama pandemi. Pencarian literatur menggunakan database pubMed dan google scholar dengan kata kunci: pembelajaran online dan pendidikan keperawatan. Hasilnya adalah 5 jurnal periode 2016-2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil dari 5 jurnal yang dilihat secara lengkap melalui studi pustaka ini diperoleh 5 jurnal. Kesimpulan dari tinjauan pustaka ini adalah bahwa inovasi dan pengembangan serta penerapan dalam proses pembelajaran merupakan lompatan yang signifikan dalam budaya pembelajaran online. Implementasi dari filosofi Merdeka Belajar - Kampus Merdeka.

COVID-19 berdampak pada kesejahteraan masyarakat, hal tersebut dapat menjadi permasalahan psikologis bagi ibu hamil dan ibu nifas, salah satunya kecemasan. Tujuan studi ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kecemasan ibu hamil dan ibu nifas di masa pandemic COVID-19. Desain penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif. Sampel adalah 28 ibu hamil dan 23 ibu nifas di kecamatan Baturraden dengan teknik cluster sampling. Intrumen yang digunakan adalah the perinatal anxiety screening scale (PASS). Hasil yang diperoleh adalah ibu hamil dan ibu nifas di Kecamatan Baturraden, pada masa pandemi COVID-19, mayoritas mengalami kecemasan dengan skala ringan-sedang.

AIM: To explore the effects of disability, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms on patients' and their partners' quality of life (QoL) using the actor-partner interdependence model (APIM). DESIGN: A cross-sectional study using actor-partner interdependence model. METHODS: We recruited 183 dyads of stroke survivors and their family caregivers in Indonesia. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment (WHODAS 2.0), Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS-42) and Rand Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to measure disability, depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms and QoL of stroke survivors and family caregivers. The actor-partner interdependence model was tested using multilevel modelling. The actor-partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM) was applied to estimate the direct and indirect effect. RESULTS: Disability had actor effects on stroke survivor's overall QoL and partner effect on family caregiver's overall QoL. More severe disability of stroke survivors was associated with a lower overall QoL of their own and that of family caregiver's overall QoL. Depressive symptoms of stroke survivors had actor effects on stroke survivors' overall QoL and partner effects on family caregivers' overall QoL. Actor and partner effects also exist on family caregiver's depression symptoms to their own overall QoL and stroke survivor's overall QoL. Moreover, higher anxiety symptoms were associated with lower levels of their own and partner's overall QoL in both stroke survivors and family caregivers. Stroke survivor's stress symptoms also negatively associated with their own and family caregiver's overall QoL. However, a family caregiver's stress without a partner effects on stroke survivor's overall QoL. The APIMeM analysis showed that disability of stroke survivors directly decreased their own overall, physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). Also, disability mediated by stroke survivor's depression, anxiety and stress symptoms decreased both stroke survivor's and family caregiver's physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that stroke survivors and family caregivers may influence each other during the caregiving process and social life. The disability of stroke survivors, and the depression, anxiety and stress symptoms of stroke survivors and family caregivers affect their own QoL and their partners' QoL. Disability of stroke survivors directly decreased their own overall, physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). Also, it indirectly via stroke survivor's depression, anxiety and stress symptoms decreased both stroke survivor's and family caregiver's physical (PCS) and mental QoL (MCS). IMPACT: Dyadic actor-partner interdependence models have shown promising potential to predict the QoL among patients and family caregivers. The dyadic effects of disability, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms on the QoL of stroke survivors and family caregivers can be applied to guide the future development of nursing intervention addressed decreasing depression, anxiety and stress symptoms to optimize health outcomes among stroke survivors and their family caregivers.