Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka

BACKGROUND: For more than three decades, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has provided a framework to quantify health loss due to diseases, injuries, and associated risk factors. This paper presents GBD 2023 findings on disease and injury burden and risk-attributable health loss, offering a global audit of the state of world health to inform public health priorities. This work captures the evolving landscape of health metrics across age groups, sexes, and locations, while reflecting on the remaining post-COVID-19 challenges to achieving our collective global health ambitions. METHODS: The GBD 2023 combined analysis estimated years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 375 diseases and injuries, and risk-attributable burden associated with 88 modifiable risk factors. Of the more than 310 000 total data sources used for all GBD 2023 (about 30% of which were new to this estimation round), more than 120 000 sources were used for estimation of disease and injury burden and 59 000 for risk factor estimation, and included vital registration systems, surveys, disease registries, and published scientific literature. Data were analysed using previously established modelling approaches, such as disease modelling meta-regression version 2.1 (DisMod-MR 2.1) and comparative risk assessment methods. Diseases and injuries were categorised into four levels on the basis of the established GBD cause hierarchy, as were risk factors using the GBD risk hierarchy. Estimates stratified by age, sex, location, and year from 1990 to 2023 were focused on disease-specific time trends over the 2010-23 period and presented as counts (to three significant figures) and age-standardised rates per 100 000 person-years (to one decimal place). For each measure, 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs] were calculated with the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile ordered values from a 250-draw distribution. FINDINGS: Total numbers of global DALYs grew 6·1% (95% UI 4·0-8·1), from 2·64 billion (2·46-2·86) in 2010 to 2·80 billion (2·57-3·08) in 2023, but age-standardised DALY rates, which account for population growth and ageing, decreased by 12·6% (11·0-14·1), revealing large long-term health improvements. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) contributed 1·45 billion (1·31-1·61) global DALYs in 2010, increasing to 1·80 billion (1·63-2·03) in 2023, alongside a concurrent 4·1% (1·9-6·3) reduction in age-standardised rates. Based on DALY counts, the leading level 3 NCDs in 2023 were ischaemic heart disease (193 million [176-209] DALYs), stroke (157 million [141-172]), and diabetes (90·2 million [75·2-107]), with the largest increases in age-standardised rates since 2010 occurring for anxiety disorders (62·8% [34·0-107·5]), depressive disorders (26·3% [11·6-42·9]), and diabetes (14·9% [7·5-25·6]). Remarkable health gains were made for communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases, with DALYs falling from 874 million (837-917) in 2010 to 681 million (642-736) in 2023, and a 25·8% (22·6-28·7) reduction in age-standardised DALY rates. During the COVID-19 pandemic, DALYs due to CMNN diseases rose but returned to pre-pandemic levels by 2023. From 2010 to 2023, decreases in age-standardised rates for CMNN diseases were led by rate decreases of 49·1% (32·7-61·0) for diarrhoeal diseases, 42·9% (38·0-48·0) for HIV/AIDS, and 42·2% (23·6-56·6) for tuberculosis. Neonatal disorders and lower respiratory infections remained the leading level 3 CMNN causes globally in 2023, although both showed notable rate decreases from 2010, declining by 16·5% (10·6-22·0) and 24·8% (7·4-36·7), respectively. Injury-related age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 15·6% (10·7-19·8) over the same period. Differences in burden due to NCDs, CMNN diseases, and injuries persisted across age, sex, time, and location. Based on our risk analysis, nearly 50% (1·27 billion [1·18-1·38]) of the roughly 2·80 billion total global DALYs in 2023 were attributable to the 88 risk factors analysed in GBD. Globally, the five level 3 risk factors contributing the highest proportion of risk-attributable DALYs were high systolic blood pressure (SBP), particulate matter pollution, high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), smoking, and low birthweight and short gestation-with high SBP accounting for 8·4% (6·9-10·0) of total DALYs. Of the three overarching level 1 GBD risk factor categories-behavioural, metabolic, and environmental and occupational-risk-attributable DALYs rose between 2010 and 2023 only for metabolic risks, increasing by 30·7% (24·8-37·3); however, age-standardised DALY rates attributable to metabolic risks decreased by 6·7% (2·0-11·0) over the same period. For all but three of the 25 leading level 3 risk factors, age-standardised rates dropped between 2010 and 2023-eg, declining by 54·4% (38·7-65·3) for unsafe sanitation, 50·5% (33·3-63·1) for unsafe water source, and 45·2% (25·6-72·0) for no access to handwashing facility, and by 44·9% (37·3-53·5) for child growth failure. The three leading level 3 risk factors for which age-standardised attributable DALY rates rose were high BMI (10·5% [0·1 to 20·9]), drug use (8·4% [2·6 to 15·3]), and high FPG (6·2% [-2·7 to 15·6]; non-significant). INTERPRETATION: Our findings underscore the complex and dynamic nature of global health challenges. Since 2010, there have been large decreases in burden due to CMNN diseases and many environmental and behavioural risk factors, juxtaposed with sizeable increases in DALYs attributable to metabolic risk factors and NCDs in growing and ageing populations. This long-observed consequence of the global epidemiological transition was only temporarily interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The substantially decreasing CMNN disease burden, despite the 2008 global financial crisis and pandemic-related disruptions, is one of the greatest collective public health successes known. However, these achievements are at risk of being reversed due to major cuts to development assistance for health globally, the effects of which will hit low-income countries with high burden the hardest. Without sustained investment in evidence-based interventions and policies, progress could stall or reverse, leading to widespread human costs and geopolitical instability. Moreover, the rising NCD burden necessitates intensified efforts to mitigate exposure to leading risk factors-eg, air pollution, smoking, and metabolic risks, such as high SBP, BMI, and FPG-including policies that promote food security, healthier diets, physical activity, and equitable and expanded access to potential treatments, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists. Decisive, coordinated action is needed to address long-standing yet growing health challenges, including depressive and anxiety disorders. Yet this can be only part of the solution. Our response to the NCD syndemic-the complex interaction of multiple health risks, social determinants, and systemic challenges-will define the future landscape of global health. To ensure human wellbeing, economic stability, and social equity, global action to sustain and advance health gains must prioritise reducing disparities by addressing socioeconomic and demographic determinants, ensuring equitable health-care access, tackling malnutrition, strengthening health systems, and improving vaccination coverage. We live in times of great opportunity. FUNDING: Gates Foundation and Bloomberg Philanthropies.

Many widely used medications may cause or exacerbate a variety of arrhythmias. Numerous antiarrhythmic agents, antimicrobial drugs, psychotropic medications, and methadone, as well as a growing list of drugs from other therapeutic classes (neurological drugs, anticancer agents, and many others), can prolong the QT interval and provoke torsades de pointes. Perhaps less familiar to clinicians is the fact that drugs can also trigger other arrhythmias, including bradyarrhythmias, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, atrial tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, and Brugada syndrome. Some drug-induced arrhythmias (bradyarrhythmias, atrial tachycardia, atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia) are significant predominantly because of their symptoms; others (monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, Brugada syndrome, torsades de pointes) may result in serious consequences, including sudden cardiac death. Mechanisms of arrhythmias are well known for some medications but, in other instances, remain poorly understood. For some drug-induced arrhythmias, particularly torsades de pointes, risk factors are well defined. Modification of risk factors, when possible, is important for prevention and risk reduction. In patients with nonmodifiable risk factors who require a potentially arrhythmia-inducing drug, enhanced electrocardiographic and other monitoring strategies may be beneficial for early detection and treatment. Management of drug-induced arrhythmias includes discontinuation of the offending medication and following treatment guidelines for the specific arrhythmia. In overdose situations, targeted detoxification strategies may be needed. Awareness of drugs that may cause arrhythmias and knowledge of distinct arrhythmias that may be drug-induced are essential for clinicians. Consideration of the possibility that a patient's arrythmia could be drug-induced is important.

Natural products from plants were extracted and widely studied for their activities against many disease conditions. The selection of the extracting solvent is crucial to develop selective and effective methods for the extraction and isolation of target compounds in the plant matrices. Pharmacological properties of plant extracts and their bioactive principles are related to their excellent solubility, stability, and bioavailability when administered by different routes. This review aims to critically analyze natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as green solvents in their application to improve the extraction performance of plant metabolites in terms of their extractability besides the stability, bioactivity, solubility, and bioavailability. Herein, the opportunities for NADES to be used in pharmaceutical formulations development including plant metabolites-based nutraceuticals are discussed.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan implementasi penilaian pada Kurikulum 2013; (2) mengidentifikasi hambatan dan keberhasilan pelaksanaan penilaian pada Kurikulum 2013, (3) memberikan rekomendasi kepada Pemerintah dalam mengambil kebijakan pelaksanaan penilaian pada Kurikulum 2013. Populasi dalam evaluasi ini adalah sekolah di Indonesia jenjang sekolah dasar dan menengah. Penentuan sampel dengan purposive sampling, yaitu sekolah jenjang sekolah dasar dan menengah di 15 provinsi di Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Barat, Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Tengah, dan Wilayah Indonesia Bagian Timur. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, dokumentasi, dan Focus Group Discussion(FGD). Data dianalisis dengan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Model ini digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kesenjangan antara kriteria yang telah ditetapkan dengan pelaksanaan program di lapangan. Hasil penelitian dibagi tiga tahap, yaitu: (1) perencanaan, disarankan kepada pemerintah untuk melakukan sosialisasi dan pelatihan membuat kisi-kisi dahulu baru membuat soal-soalnya, bukan yang dilakukan sebaliknya, juga pelatihan analisis instrumen penilaian dan membuat rubrik untuk soal uraian; (2) pelaksanaan, disarankan kepada pemerintah untuk menyederhanakan pedoman penilaian pada Kurikulum 2013, melakukan sosialisasi dan pelatihan penilaian kompetensi sikap, untuk jenjang SD perlu diberikan pelatihan teknik penilaian pada pembelajaran tematik, dan membimbing guru melakukan kegiatan analisis instrumen dan revisi butir soal; (3) pelaporan, disarankan pengambil kebijakan mengkaji kembali penggunaan rentang nilai 1-4 pada penilaian pengetahuan dan keterampilan.Kata kunci: penilaian pada Kurikulum 2013, rubrik untuk soal uraian, penilaian pada pembelajaran tematik, rentang skor 1-4 THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ASSESSMENT IN THE CURRICULUM 2013AbstractThe objectives of this study are (1) to describe the implementation of the assessment in the curriculum 2013, (2)to identify the obstacle and the success of the implementation of assessment in the curriculum 2013, and (3)to make a recommendation for policy makers to improve the implementation of assessment in the curriculum2013. The population of the study consist of the elementary schools, junior schools, and senior high schools in Indonesia. The sample was determined purposively, consisting of the elementary schools, junior schools, and senior high schools in 15 provinces in Indonesia. Data were collected through questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive. The findings of this study are: (1) in the planning step, the recommendations were given to principals, teachers, and head of educational districts to make socialization and workshop on developing assessment grid first, and then writing items not the other way around, and make a rubric first when writing the essay items; (2) in the implementation step, the recommendation were given to government to simplify the guidance of assessment in the curriculum 2013, to make socialization and workshop about the affective assessment, workshop thematic assessment for elementary teachers, and guiding teachers to revise and analyze the instrument; (3) in the report step, the recommendation were given to policy makers to look back at the policy of using the score range 1-4, for assessing knowledge and psychomotor domain.Keywords: assessment incurriculum 2013, rubric for essay items, assessment in thematic learning, score range 1-4

During the COVID-19 pandemic, each university in Jakarta and Depok performs a distance learning system. A widely used application during distance learning is a Zoom Meeting. This research was conducted to know the effectiveness of Zoom Meeting application to students in Jakarta and Depok during COVID-19 Pandemic. This research was a qualitative with grounded theory method. Data collection techniques were conducted with interviews through Google Form and Whatsapp to thirty two university students in Jakarta and Depok. The results of this study, showed that the use of Zoom Meeting application was not very effective for university students in Jakarta and Depok. However, the Zoom Meeting app was better because, in the application of Zoom Meeting communication between individuals was done orally compared to the use of a learning application that conductedwritten communication activities according to education communication theory.

Dimasa pandemi Covid-19 ini, berbagai kebijakan dilakukan untuk memutus rantai penyebaran termasuk pada bidang pendidikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektivitas dan kelayakan media video animasi berbasis aplikasi Canva pada materi gaya dan gerak. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dan model yang digunakan adalah model Pengembangan ADDIE. Produk ini divalidasi oleh 1 ahli media, 1 ahli materi, 3 guru dan 29 siswa kelas 4. Pada tahap awal dilakukan uji validasi oleh ahli media, ahli materi, dan guru. Kemudian menguji efektifitas media berupa pretest-posttest dan uji validasi oleh siswa. Hasil validasi menunjukkan ahli media memperoleh rata-rata 65,45% yang termasuk kedalam kriteria “Valid”, untuk hasil validasi ahli materi dan guru memperoleh kategori “Sangat Valid” dengan hasil masing-masing 86% dan 85,57%, dan uji validasi siswa diperoleh hasil sebesar 90% yang termasuk dalam kriteria “Sangat Baik”. Hasil tes menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan rata-rata peningkatan hasil belajar yang diperoleh siswa yaitu 0,56%, dengan kategori “Sedang”. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa produk video animasi berbasis aplikasi Canva ini dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar siswa serta layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan menguji kelayakan produk media pembelajaran SiMach Land berbasis Android pada materi pesawat sederhana kelas 5 Sekolah Dasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan Sepuluh Langkah Borg and Gall sebagai model pengembangan. Instrumen untuk pengumpulan data penelitian ini berbentuk angket lembar validasi yang diberikan ke beberapa validator ahli, Analisis data dari hasil validasi ahli media dan ahli materi didapat dengan menganalisis data kuantitatif menggunakan pedoman kriteria dengan kategori penilaian untuk menetukan kualitas produk yang dikembangkan. Hasil validasi oleh validator ahli media mendapatkan skor presentase sebesar 85,29% dengan kategori kelayakan baik dan hasil validasi oleh validator ahli materi mendapatkan skor presentase sebesar 86% dengan kategori kelayakan sangat baik. Berdasar dari perolehan data yang dihasilkan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran “SiMach Land” berbasis Android untuk materi pesawat sederhana kelas 5 Sekolah Dasar layak digunakan

This article is part of lecture notes presented in the course of Qualitative Research Method, at The Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, 2016-2017 academic year. It is written for students who precariously need a guidance to write a literature review for his or her scientific works (skripsi, tesis, and disertasi). Most parts of the paper comes from translation, editing, and digesting of three resource books. This article will be divided into the following sections: What literature review is, aims of literature review, functions of literature review, ways of using literature review, types of literature review, resources for writing literature review, procedures of writing of literature review, literature mapping for the research framework, writing an abstract, and writing a summary.

Di dalam penelitian ini tujuannya untuk melihat apakah ada pengaruh minat belajar peserta didik terhadap penggunaan video animasi dan apakah ada pengaruh peningkatan hasil belajar setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran video animasi. Jumlah populasi totalnya 64 orang dalam penelitian ini, diantaranya VA berjumlah 32 orang dan VB berjumlah 32 orang. Pada penelitian ini, saya memakai metode kuantitatif dengan desain quasi-experimental, khususnya desain kontrol non-equivalent. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan uji normalitas dan homogenitas data tersebut normal dan homogen. Penggunaan media video animasi untuk pembelajaran ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara penggunaan media video animasi dengan media pembelajaran guru biasa gunakan. Hasil belajar menggunakan media pembelajaran video animasi mengalami peningkatan yang sangat baik dari sebelumnya sedangkan penggunaan media yang digunakan guru nilai belajar IPA tetap sama dari sebelumnya karena dilihat selama penelitian siswa kurang aktif dibandingkan dengan kelas yang menggunakan media pembelajaran video animasi. Penggunaan media video animasi membuat minat belajar siswa, dari yang memperhatikan video dan aktif di dalam kelas kemudian mempengaruhi nilai IPA siswa-siswi kelas VA dan VB SDN Kalisari 01, sehingga berdampak baik untuk meningkatkan minat belajar, meningkatkan hasi belajar dari sebelumnya dan sangat membantu dalam pembelajaran secara jarak jauh yang memudahkan membagikan materi pembelajaran dan bisa digunakan kapan saja saat dibutuhkan

This paper presents the development of a polynomial equation to represent the three-dimensional (3D) cross-section strength of square or rectangular concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) beam-columns. The equation provides an accurate representation of the cross-section strength of a CFT subjected to a combination of axial force, strong axis flexure, and weak axis flexure. This expression is verified against the results of a detailed fiber analysis formulation, and against experimental tests of short, square CFTs available in the literature. This CFT cross-section strength equation forms a compact expression of the failure surface of square or rectangular CFTs having a wide range of cross-section dimensions and material strengths. The cross-section strength surface also provides the basis for a bounding-surface concentrated plasticity model in 3D force space for CFT beam-columns, presented in related work by the writers. This beam-column model, in turn, is suitable for conducting monotonic static, cyclic static, or transient dynamic seismic analysis of complete composite unbraced frame structures composed of steel I-girders framing biaxially into CFT beam-columns.

Abstract Katuk is widely popular with its benefits for breastfeeding mothers. Katuk is also known as a plant with a high antioxidant content. This study aims to determine the effect of using variations in the ethanol concentration as an extracting solvent in producing Total Phenolics Content (TPC) and Total Flavonoids Content (TFC) and their activities in reducing DPPH free radicals. The dried katuk leaves were extracted by cold maceration method. The solvent used for extraction is ethanol with 3 variations in concentration: 50%, 70%, and 96% (absolute ethanol). TPC and TFC were determined by colorimetric method using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. TPC was stated to be equivalent to gallic acid, while TFC was stated to be equivalent to quercetin. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was measured based on the IC50 value. The results showed that Katuk leaf extract produced from 50% ethanol solvent was able to produce TPC (42.18 ± 0.30 mg GAE / g), TFC (11.18 ± 0.38 mg QE / g) and reduction activity against DPPH radicals (IC50 = 88.33 ± 3.53 ppm). These were higher than ethanol with other concentrations. However, various things need to be considered when using this solvent given the high water content in the solvent.

The current study aimed to evaluate university students' technological acceptance and connectedness to online learning with WhatsApp support. A total of 202 students from three different courses at an Indonesian private university participated in an online survey. Quantitative data analyses using Rasch modelling technique were conducted to evaluate the survey data. Findings show that most students accepted social media use to support learning and felt connected to the learning. The findings also have identified several drivers that promoted the high level of acceptance and connectedness to learning, such as students' perceived usefulness, availability of learning support, motivation, and connectedness with their friends. Implications for further research and practices of WhatsApp usage to support online learning are discussed.

The counselor plays an important role in the education system. They are regarded as school psychology. Counseling must possess and target to expand and develop the student’s potentials. They must posses good public relations and alternative solutions to students.The counselor conducts planning, carry out the programme, monitor and evaluate, and take further actions in their counseling activities. The counselor is also responsible to provide career path to the students. To conclude, the counselor act as a problem solver to the students. The Ministry of Education has given full freedom to the counselor to develop the students’ potentials and provide effective guidance and counseling. ABSTRAKPenyuluh memainkan peranan penting dalam sistem pendidikan dan mereka dianggap sebagai psikolog sekolah. Penyuluhan harus mencangkup dan mempunyai sasaran untuk mengembangkan serta memperluas potensi-potensi siswa. Mereka harus memiliki kemampuan hubungan masyarakat hubungan masyarakat yang bagus dan solusi alternative kepada para siswa. Penyuluh melaksanakan perencanaan, menjalankan program, pengawasan dan evaluasi serta melaksanakan tindak lanjut dalam kegiatan penyuluhan. Penyuluhan juga bertanggung jawab dalam menginformasikan jalur-jalur karir kepada para siswa. Penyuluhan bertindak sebagai penyelesaian masalah solver para siswa. Menteri Pendidikan telah memberikan kebebasan penuh kepada penyuluhan untuk mengembangkan potensi siswa dan menyediakan bimbingan serta penyuluhan yang efektif.

Diabetes Mellitus adalah salah satu gangguan metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemi karena kelainan kelainan insulin yang disebabkan gangguan kerja dan atau sekresi insulin. DM tipe 2 merupakan 90% dari seluruh kategori diabetes mellitus. Lansia secara alami juga akan menghadapi masalah yaitu perburukan kondisi kesehatan. Salah satu penyakit yang menyertai lansia adalah Diabetes Mellitus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian DM tipe 2 pada lansia di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Penelitian ini menganalisis data sekunder yaitu data Riskesdas 2018. Hasil bivariat penelitian ini menggambarkan, terdapat hubungan DM tipe 2 pada lansia dengan pendidikan (OR=0,403, nilai p=0,000), pekerjaan (OR=3,010, nilai p=0,000), aktivitas fisik (OR = 1,466, nilai p=0,000), kebiasaan merokok (OR = 0,764, nilai p=0,000), konsumsi buah sayur (OR=0,797, nilai p=0,000), obesitas (OR=1,896, nilai p=0,000) dan riwayat hipertensi (OR=1,960, nilai p=0,000) serta makanan/minuman yang berisiko kecuali makanan bakar (nilai p=0,577) dan makanan pengawet (nilai p=0,577). Dapat disimpulkan hampir semua variabel konsumsi makanan/minuman berisiko berhubungan secara signifikan dengan DM tipe 2, kecuali konsumsi makanan bakar serta makanan pengawet. Saran dari peneliti, dibutuhkan upaya preventif dan promotif berupa deteksi dini faktor-faktor risiko DM serta edukasi kepada seluruh lapisan masyarakat.

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N=10,535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β=0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β=0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates.

Abstract In Indonesia non-communicable diseases become a very serious health problem at this time, namely hypertension. Hypertension risk factors include irreversible factors (age, gender, family history) and modifiable factors (smoking, nutritional status, physical activity, stress, and food consumption) which are considered to greatly affect the incidence of hypertension. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of hypertension. This research is quantitative with cross sectional approach. Done in the work area of ​​Jatiluhur Bekasi health center in July 2018. Data collection was carried out on 143 respondents who were patients who visited the work area of ​​the puskesmas using questionnaires and direct measurements. Quota sampling technique. The analysis used is univariate and bivariate. Univariate test results showed the proportion of hypertensive patients mostly were ertensi 40 years (71.3%), female gender (57.3%), low education (61.5%), working (55.2%), having a history family (61.5), nutritional status with overweight and obesity (62.2%), non-smoking (50.3%), and mild physical activity (79.7%). The results of the bivariate test showed that the variables associated with the incidence of hypertension were age (Pvalue = 0,000), education (Pvalue = 0,000), work (Pvalue = 0,001), family history (Pvalue = 0,033), and nutritional status (Pvalue = 0,003), while variables that are not related to the incidence of hypertension, namely sex (Pvalue = 0.454), smoking (Pvalue = 1,000) and physical activity (Pvalue = 0.197). To reduce the occurrence of hypertension, there needs to be education to prevent such as providing counseling to the public about hypertension and conducting blood pressure checks regularly. Keywords: Hypertension, Risk Factors

ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 telah merubah proses pembelajaran di sekolah dasar dari pembelajaran luring menjadi pembelajaran daring. Salah satu kendala yang dihadapi guru sekolah dasar adalah penggunaan aplikasi pembelajaran daring yang menarik bagi siswa. Kegiatan pengabdian ini merupakan pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi Quizziz dan Wordwall dalam pembelajaran bagi guru-guru SDIT Al-Kahfi. Sasaran dari kegiatan ini adalah 25 orang guru yang merupakan mitra pengabdian. Kegiatan dilaksanakan secara daring melalui platform Zoom . Kegiatan terdiri dari dua tahap yaitu 1) Pemaparan materi dan praktek penggunaan aplikasi Quizizz, 2) Pemaparan materi dan praktek penggunaan aplikasi Wordwall. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket atau kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan rata-rata respon peserta. Hasil respon peserta menunjukkan hasil yang positif dimana para guru mendapatkan pengetahuan dan keterampila dalam penggunaan aplikasi Quizizz dan Wordwall. Kendala dalam kegiatan ini terkait dengan kestabilan jaringan internet. Kata kunci: quizizz; wordwall; sekolah dasar ABSTRACTPandemic Covid-19 has changed the learning process in the elementary school from offline learning to online learning. One of the obstacles faced by elementary school teachers was the use of online learning application that were attractive for students. This service activity was a training on the use of the Quizziz and Wordwall applications in learning for SDIT Al-Kahfi teachers. The target of this activity is 25 teachers. The activity consists of two stages, namely 1) Presentation of the material and practice of using the Quizizz application, 2) Presentation of the material and practice of using the Wordwall application. Data collection techniques was a questionnaire. Data analysis using the average of participant responses. The results of the participants' responses showed positive results where the teachers gained knowledge and skills in using the Quizizz and Wordwall applications. The obstacles in this activity are related to the stability of the internet network. Keywords: quizizz; wordwall; elementary school

Perkembangan zaman semakin modern, guru dituntut berinovasi mengenai media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran video animasi berbasis powtoon, mengetahui respon siswa kelas IV pada pembelajaran IPA materi sumber energi alternatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Sukamakmur 03 tahun ajaran 2020/2021 pada semester genap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D). Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu addie yang memilki 5 tahapan yaitu: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar instrument yang digunakan yaitu angket dengan menggnakan skala likert. Uji produk dilakukan oleh dua ahli materi dan dua ahli media, serta siswa merupakan responden pada media yang dikembangkan. Media pembelajaran ini di uji cobakan kepada 18 siswa sebagai uji terbatas. Hasil penelitan ini menunjukkan ahli materi memperoleh nilai skor sebesar 85,88%, ahli media sebesar 88,3%, dan siswa memperoleh skor 86,9% dengan kategori layak digunakan. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran video animasi berbasis powtoon layak digunakan di kelas IV pada pembelajaran IPA materi sumber energi alternatif

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the potential semiconductors for photocatalytic applications. However, ZnO has a high recombination rate between electrons and holes, which reduces the efficiency of its photocatalytic activity. Thus, a nanohybrid structure between ZnO and a noble metal, such as Ag, has been proposed because it is cost effective, is chemically stable, and has enhanced photocatalytic activity. In general, ZnO/Ag nanohybrids are not easily synthesized due to the self-nucleation of Ag NPs during the deposition on ZnO. In this study, the Ag nanoparticles were deposited on the ZnO nanorods (NRs) prepared on glass substrate by using the facile and rapid hydrothermal method at low temperature 80 °C for 90 min. The result analysis shows that the Ag nanoparticles deposition process did not change the morphological and microstructural properties of the ZnO NRs. The Ag NPs with the diameter range of 10–20 nm spread uniformly on the surface of the ZnO NRs. The photodegradation efficiency of methyl blue using the ZnO/Ag nanohybrids was higher than pure ZnO NRs. The ease of electron transfer between the ZnO and the Ag NPs was a major cause of the increased photocatalytic activity in both UV and visible-light irradiation.

The purpose of this study is to deepen social phenomena related to issues of religious tolerance, culture and the role of the media. Nowadays, the existence of printed, electronic, or social media is regarded as a consideration of a study. The fundamental reason is that media is currently the most important part in publishing the handling of religion, ideology, and social religious move cases within society. Generally, media is capable of stirring the order of society life. Therefore, this study has fairly important scope, specifically, in the role of publishing the moral principle of Divinity and Humanity and the practice of religion and culture tolerance. In this case media is assumed as a part of agents and social controllers, particularly in informing the value of religious freedom and protection in the community. The media also participates in reducing social-religious conflict