University of Nusa Cendana

Era globalisasi dapat menimbulkan perubahan pola hidup masyarakat yang lebih modern. Akibatnya masyarakat cenderung untuk memilih kebudayaan baru yang dinilai lebih praktis dibandingkan dengan budaya lokal. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan budaya lokal dilupakan dimasa sekarang adalah; kurangnya generasi penerus yang memiliki minat untuk belajar dan mewarisi kebudayaanny sendiri. Oleh karena itu, penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan tentang upaya melestarikan budaya Indoesia di era globalisasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kualitatif dengan teknik studi pustaka dalam mengumpulkan data. Menurut Maliowski, Budaya yang lebih tinggi dan aktif akan mempengaruhi budaya yang lebih rendah dan pasif melalui kontak budaya. Teori Malinowski ini sangat nampak dalam pergeseran nilai-nilai budaya kita yang condong ke Barat. Dalam era globalisasi informasi menjadi kekuatan yang sangat dahsyat dalam mempengaruhi pola pikir manusia. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, perlu kesadaran akan pentingnya budaya lokal sebagai jati diri bangsa. Kewajiban bagi setiap lapisan masyarakat untuk mempertahankannya, dimana peran generasi muda sangat diharapkan untuk terus berusaha mewarisi budaya lokal dan akan menjadi kekuatan bagi eksistensi budaya lokal itu sendiri walaupun diterpa arus globalisasi. Upaya dalam Menjaga dan melestarikan budaya Indonesia dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara. yaitu; Culture Experience dan Culture Knowledge. Kata Kunci: Melestarikan, budaya nasional, globalisasi.

Graphene oxide material has been studied widely as a novel adsorbent due to its unique surface structures, excellent physicochemical properties, strong affinity and high efficiency for the metal ions adsorption [Pang H, Wu Y, Wang X, Hu B, Wang X. Recent advances in composites of graphene and layered double hydroxides for water remediation: a review. Chem - Asian J 2019;14:2542–52; Liu X, Ma R, Wang X, Ma Y, Yang Y, Zhuang L, et al. Graphene oxide-based materials for efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution: a review. Environ Pollut 2019;252:62–73]. The present report involves Cr(VI) adsorption studies using graphene oxide-magnetic (GO-Fe3O4) based on natural graphite made from kusambi wood from Timor Island, Indonesia. GO with large specific surface area and abundant functional groups was synthesized using Hummers modification method, while GO-Fe3O4 was synthesized using in situ co-precipitation method. Characterization of GO and GO-Fe3O4 material was carried out using FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDX. The maximum adsorption capacity is optimum at the use of 0.1 g adsorbent GO-Fe3O4, under conditions: pH 2 with contact time for 80 min and temperature of 298 K. Nine kinetic models, five ishotherm models and two adsorption thermodynamics were used to study the mechanism of Cr(VI) adsorption on the surface of GO-Fe3O4. The results of kinetics and isotherms modeling show that the adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI) on GO-Fe3O4 follows pseudo-second (PSO) order kinetics with a high regression coefficient (>0.99) and was well described by Langmuir isotherm with adsorption capacity of 3.197 mg/g. The thermodynamics data revealed the exothermic nature, a decrease in the randomness or irregularity on the surface of adsorbent during adsorption process and takes place through physisorption. Studies on isosteric enthalpy values show that the adsorption of Cr(VI) on the surface of GO-Fe3O4 is strongly influenced by the amount of adsorbate which tends to decrease in adsorption capacity as the amount of Cr(VI) ions increases.

Pollutants in water or wastewater raise grave public health problems. This review provides a concise summary of the potential applications of activated carbon derived from various sources. Here is an overview of the activated carbon properties and materials used to produce activated carbon. It also explores different techniques for creating active carbon for improved performance in specific applications, particularly low-cost adsorbents for heavy metal and synthetic dye removal.

Coculturing the fungal endophyte Fusarium tricinctum with the bacterium Bacillus subtilis 168 trpC2 on solid rice medium resulted in an up to 78-fold increase in the accumulation in constitutively present secondary metabolites that included lateropyrone (5), cyclic depsipeptides of the enniatin type (6-8), and the lipopeptide fusaristatin A (9). In addition, four compounds (1-4) including (-)-citreoisocoumarin (2) as well as three new natural products (1, 3, and 4) were not present in discrete fungal and bacterial controls and only detected in the cocultures. The new compounds were identified as macrocarpon C (1), 2-(carboxymethylamino)benzoic acid (3), and (-)-citreoisocoumarinol (4) by analysis of the 1D and 2D NMR and HRMS data. Enniatins B1 (7) and A1 (8), whose production was particularly enhanced, inhibited the growth of the cocultivated B. subtilis strain with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 16 and 8 μg/mL, respectively, and were also active against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis with MIC values in the range 2-8 μg/mL. In addition, lateropyrone (5), which was constitutively present in F. tricinctum, displayed good antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, and E. faecalis, with MIC values ranging from 2 to 8 μg/mL. All active compounds were equally effective against a multiresistant clinical isolate of S. aureus and a susceptible reference strain of the same species.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan pengaruh gaya belajar visual, auditorial, dan kinestetik terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada Jurusan Bangunan SMK Negeri 5 Kupang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket dan dokumentasi. Populasi berjumlah 133 orang dan sampel berjumlah 100 orang yang ditentukan dengan teknik proportionate stratisfied random sampling. Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan analisis regresi linear berganda dan sederhana dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan gaya belajar visual, auditorial, dan kinestetik terhadap prestasi belajar. Kedua, terdapat pengaruh signifikan gaya belajar visual terhadap prestasi belajar. Ketiga, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan gaya belajar auditorial terhadap prestasi belajar. Keempat, terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan gaya belajar kinestetik terhadap prestasi belajar. Kelima, hasil uji determinasi menunjukkan sumbangan relatif gaya belajar visual, auditorial, dan kinestetik terhadap prestasi belajar siswa sebesar 34,8%. Sumbangan relatif masing-masing terhadap prestasi belajar, yakni: gaya belajar visual 26,4%, gaya belajar auditorial 24,2%, dan gaya belajar kinestetik 26,2%.

The purpose of this study is to determine the direct effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on learning behaviour; the direct effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and learning behavioural on learning achievement; the indirect effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from learned behaviour to learning achievement; and the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and learning behaviour on the learning achievement of the biology education department students of FKIP Undana. This is a correlation study, consisting of three independent variables and one dependent variable. Data collection was done by a questionnaire and a document of learning achievement. Data were analysed descriptively and inferentially with path analysis. The results show that intrinsic motivation has a direct effect on learning behaviour, and that both directly affect learning achievement; intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and learning behaviour jointly affect the learning achievement of the students of the biology education department.

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.

Phosphine is a small redox-active gas that is used to protect global grain reserves, which are threatened by the emergence of phosphine resistance in pest insects. We find that polymorphisms responsible for genetic resistance cluster around the redox-active catalytic disulfide or the dimerization interface of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) in insects (Rhyzopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum) and nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans). DLD is a core metabolic enzyme representing a new class of resistance factor for a redox-active metabolic toxin. It participates in four key steps of core metabolism, and metabolite profiles indicate that phosphine exposure in mutant and wild-type animals affects these steps differently. Mutation of DLD in C. elegans increases arsenite sensitivity. This specific vulnerability may be exploited to control phosphine-resistant insects and safeguard food security.

The research was conducted to find out determinant factors that can cause the incidence of stunting and how it may affect elementary school children performance. The research areas were selected based on the difference access of nutrition information. Kabupaten Sumba Timur and Kota Kupang were selected as research areas. Related primary data was taken covering anthropometric index namely body height for age (HFA); weight for age (WFA), and weight for height (WFH), and academic school performances before and after research treatment. Other data was collected by interview using questionnaires. Regression analysis was used to know determinant factors that may bring about stunting. The results showed that determinant factors of stunting were family income, mother’s nutrition knowledge, child care practices, the history of infection, immunization, protein intake, and mother education. While, stunted elementary school children had low academic performances. The higher level of stunting is the lower academic performance of elementary school children.

The increase of Cr(VI) ion species access in the aquatic system through anthropogenic activity has harmed the ecosystem and human health. In solving this problem, the use and development of inorganic material low-cost based as an effective adsorbent by good physico-chemical stability are one of this research's faces. The activated natural zeolite-magnetic composite (ANZ–Fe3O4) adsorbent material was prepared by using the co-precipitated method. Several adsorptions recognize the performance of removing Cr(VI) from a water sample; parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent mass, and temperature were studied. The result shows that the optimum adsorption occurs in pH 2, with a mass of adsorbent are 0.20 g, for 50 min of contact time at a temperature of 298 K. The adsorption mechanism was studied by using a linear and non-linear pseudo-first order (PFO) model, four pseudo-second order (PSO) models, Elovich model, and intraparticle diffusion model. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich (DKR), Temkin, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Redlich-Peterson, Harkin-Jura and Javonovic models were use to study the isotherm adsorption. Cr(VI) adsorption on ANZ-Fe3O4 followed with pseudo-second-order model (PSO) with R2 is 0.993. The comparative of linear PSO and non-linear PSO kinetic were wholly studied. The result shows that non-linear PSO model is the best-fit expression of mechanism adsorption of Cr(VI) on ANZ-Fe3O4 than the linear PSO model. The adsorption of Cr(VI) on ANZ-Fe3O4 in line with the Langmuir model with Qmax reaches 2.850 mg/g. The thermodynamics study shows that the adsorption process occurs exothermically and follows the physisorption process.

Beef consumption produces a lot of bone waste. Here, We prepared Bali cow bones-based hydrochar material (BCBHP) using the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) method. The resulting BCBHP material was then characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM-EDX, and BET-BJH. Next, the BCBHP was applied to adsorb methyl red in water samples. Adsorption was carried out using a bath system. Adsorption of methyl red persisted optimum for 30 min at pH 6 at 303.15 K, with a capacity of 7.2 mg g−1. The Zeta potential of BCBHP is −24.4 mV suggesting a higher electrostatic attraction between methyl red dye and BCBHP surface. Methyl red adsorption fitted with pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Adsorption of Methyl red dye on BCBHP follows the Freundlich isotherm model and is well described by a heterolayer adsorption pattern. Thermodynamic studies show that adsorption processes are spontaneous, exothermic, and chemisorption reactions. Moreover, BCBHP has an excellent reusability performance that could be used as a promising adsorbent for dye removal in wastewater treatment.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is a phenomenon necessary for embryonic development and also seen during certain pathological conditions. We show here for the first time that reduction in miR-30 family microRNAs, is responsible for mesenchymal transition of primary cultures of human pancreatic epithelial cells. We found that miR-30 family microRNAs target mesenchymal gene transcripts and maintain them in a translationally inactive state. Forced depletion using miR-30 family specific anti-miRs leads to mesenchymal transition while ectopic overexpression maintains the epithelial phenotype. We also show that miR-30 family microRNAs increase in abundance during differentiation of pancreatic islet-derived mesenchymal cells into hormone-producing islet-like cell aggregates. Our studies in human adult diseased pancreas also demonstrate that miR-30 family microRNAs are expressed at lower abundance in fibrotic lesions during pancreatitis. Together, our data confirm that miR-30 family microRNAs form a part of the regulatory signaling events involved in cellular response of pancreatic epithelial cells during mesenchymal transition.

Abstract Virgin coconut oil is obtained by wet processing of coconut milk using fermentation, centrifugation, enzymatic extraction, and the microwave heating method. Presently, VCO has several positive effects and benefits to human health, hence, it is regularly consumed and widely known as a unique functional food. VCO contains lauric acid (45 to 52 %). By lipase in the digestive system, VCO can undergo a breakdown into lauric acid, 1‐monolaurin, and 2‐monolaurin. These components have both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups and are also recognized as excellent antimicrobial lipids. Furthermore, lauric acid and monolaurin can be used as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral with broad‐spectrum inhibition. Lauric acid and monolaurin have a strong ability to destroy gram‐positive bacteria, especially S. aureus , fungi such as C. Albicans , and viruses including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and visna virus (VV). Lauric acid and monolaurin interact with certain functional groups located in the cell membrane and can cause damage to the cell. In general, the potential of VCO as healthy food is contributed by lauric acid and monolaurin which are antimicrobial agents.

The fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Focub) causes Fusarium wilt of banana. Focub strains are divided into races according to their host specificity, but which virulence factors underlie these interactions is currently unknown. In the F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol)-tomato system, small secreted fungal proteins, called Six proteins, were identified in the xylem sap of infected plants. The Fol Six1 protein contributes to virulence and has an avirulence function by activating the I-3 immune receptor of tomato. The Focub tropical race 4 (TR4) genome harbors three SIX1 homologs: SIX1a, b and c. In this study, the role of Focub-SIX1a in pathogenicity was evaluated since this homolog is present in not only TR4 but also in other races. A deletion mutant of the SIX1a gene from Focub TR4 strain II5 was generated (FocubΔSIX1a) and tested in planta. Mutants were found to be severely compromised in their virulence. Ectopic integration of the Focub-SIX1a gene in the FocubΔSIX1a strain restored virulence to wild type levels. We conclude that Focub-SIX1a is required for full virulence of Focub TR4 towards Cavendish banana.

This research was carried out to analyze the effectiveness of the Search Solve Create and Share learning integrated with metakognitive strategy [SSCS + MS] on the creative thinking ability of low academic students. A quasi experimental design has been used to compare the effect of traditional learning, SSCS, and SCCS + MS learning on the creative thinking ability of tenth grade students in Kupang, Indonesia, conducted in three schools. The research data were analyzed by ANCOVA and Least Significant Different test. The results of the research showed that the SSCS + MS learning improved the creative thinking ability of the low academic students ability as much as 36.18% higher than that of the high academic students. These findings also showed that the SSCS + MS learning had the potential in improving the creative thinking ability of the low academic students, as well as the potential to equalize the low academic students and those of high academic ability. Teachers need to implement SSCS + MS learning because this learning can improve the student creative thinking ability especially of those of low academic ability. SSCS + MS learning uses problem solving so has the potential to empower student confident attitude.

BACKGROUND: Chloroquine remains the mainstay of treatment for Plasmodium vivax malaria despite increasing reports of treatment failure. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of chloroquine dose and the addition of primaquine on the risk of recurrent vivax malaria across different settings. METHODS: A systematic review done in MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews identified P vivax clinical trials published between Jan 1, 2000, and March 22, 2017. Principal investigators were invited to share individual patient data, which were pooled using standardised methods. Cox regression analyses with random effects for study site were used to investigate the roles of chloroquine dose and primaquine use on rate of recurrence between day 7 and day 42 (primary outcome). The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO, number CRD42016053310. FINDINGS: Of 134 identified chloroquine studies, 37 studies (from 17 countries) and 5240 patients were included. 2990 patients were treated with chloroquine alone, of whom 1041 (34·8%) received a dose below the target 25 mg/kg. The risk of recurrence was 32·4% (95% CI 29·8-35·1) by day 42. After controlling for confounders, a 5 mg/kg higher chloroquine dose reduced the rate of recurrence overall (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 0·82, 95% CI 0·69-0·97; p=0·021) and in children younger than 5 years (0·59, 0·41-0·86; p=0·0058). Adding primaquine reduced the risk of recurrence to 4·9% (95% CI 3·1-7·7) by day 42, which is lower than with chloroquine alone (AHR 0·10, 0·05-0·17; p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION: Chloroquine is commonly under-dosed in the treatment of vivax malaria. Increasing the recommended dose to 30 mg/kg in children younger than 5 years could reduce substantially the risk of early recurrence when primaquine is not given. Radical cure with primaquine was highly effective in preventing early recurrence and may also improve blood schizontocidal efficacy against chloroquine-resistant P vivax. FUNDING: Wellcome Trust, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

This study aims to determine the effect of inflation on economic growth in Indonesia since 1983-2014.The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis and econometric analysis. Econometricanalysis in this study uses simple linear regression with the Ordinary Least Squre (OLS) method.The results showed that the independent variable influencing the dependent variable was proven fromthe probability value (F-statistic) smaller than α = 5%. T Test results show that the Inflation variableinfluences Economic Growth with a probability value smaller than α = 5%. The results of thecoefficient of determination test indicate that the dependent variable can be explained by theindependent variable by 74.7588% and the remaining 25.2412% is explained by other variablesoutside the model. Keywords : Economic Growth, Inflation &amp; Ordinary Least Squre (OLS)

Size controlled Pt catalysts supported by graphene nanosheets (GNS) are successfully prepared by changing the loading of Pt at 10–70 wt % using an impregnation method. It is found that Pt sub-nanoclusters (0.8 nm) with an extremely large surface area (170 m2 g–1) are formed on the GNS support in a 10 wt % Pt/GNS catalyst. An increase in loading of Pt leads to an increase in the particle sizes of Pt, which results in lower activities for electro-oxidation of adsorbed CO. A core level shift of Pt 4f in XPS indicates that Pt is chemically interacted with graphene. The modification of catalytic properties and the electronic structure is ascribed to the interface interaction between Pt and graphene via π–d hybridization.

Nanotechnology gained much attention and nanomaterials have diverse applications in every field of life and researchers are consistently working on the methodology for the fabrication of NPs. Different chemical, biological and physical methods are in practice for the fabrication of NPs and under the current scenario of pollution, the application of eco-benign methods is of paramount importance. Biogenic synthesis versus other methods proved to be highly efficient for the fabrication of NPs at the nano-scale. It is also an eco-friendly, cost-effective and one-pot synthesis procedure. The use of less energy, less reaction time and ambient conditions are other advantages of the green synthesis. The NPs have been successfully prepared biogenically and employed in different fields, i.e., medicine, biosensors, electrochemistry, biomedicine, water treatment, electronics, photo-electronics and catalysis. Among, noble metal based NPs, Pt has diverse applications and the biogenic synthesis, characterization and applications of Pt NPs have been discussed in this study. The biogenic synthetic route includes plant extract (leaves, roots, flower, peels, stem, bark) and biological derivatives. The plant extracts contain flavonoids, polyphenolics, cannabinoids, terpenes, glycosides, sugars, amine, carbonyl, proteins, aldehyde, amide and alcohols, which reduce, cap and stabilize the metal ions in the solution. The reaction conditions effect on biogenic fabrication of Pt is discussed; the structure and sizes were also compared. The applications of the biogenic Pt NPs in different fields along with future prospects are discussed.

Urban greening solutions such as green roofs help improve residents’ thermal comfort and building insulation. However, not all plants provide the same level of cooling. This is partially due to differences in plant structure and function, including different mechanisms that plants employ to regulate leaf temperature. Ranking of multiple leaf and plant traits involved in the regulation of leaf temperature (and, consequently, plants’ cooling ‘service’) is not well understood. We, therefore, investigated the relative importance of water loss, leaf colour, thickness and extent of pubescence for the regulation of leaf temperature, in the context of species for semi-extensive green roofs. Leaf temperature was measured with an infrared imaging camera in a range of contrasting genotypes within three plant genera (Heuchera, Salvia and Sempervivum). In three glasshouse experiments (each evaluating three or four genotypes of each genus), we varied water availability to the plants and assessed how leaf temperature altered depending on water loss and specific leaf traits. Greatest reductions in leaf temperature were closely associated with higher water loss. Additionally, in non-succulents (Heuchera, Salvia), lighter leaf colour and longer hair length (on pubescent leaves) both contributed to reduced leaf temperature. However, in succulent Sempervivum, colour and pubescence made no significant contribution; leaf thickness and rate of water loss were the key regulating factors. We propose that this can lead to different plant types having significantly different potentials for cooling. We suggest that maintaining transpirational water loss by sustainable irrigation and selecting urban plants with favourable morphological traits are the key to maximising thermal benefits provided by applications such as green roofs.