University of Pattimura

Indonesia is ranked fifth among countries with the highest burden of stunting in children under five. This study aims to examine the determinants of stunting in children aged 0-2 years in Indonesia using data derived from the 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Survey. Twenty potential predictors of stunting, categorized into household and housing characteristics; maternal and paternal characteristics; antenatal care services and child characteristics were analyzed. Multilevel analyses were performed to examine the role of cluster/district/provincial differences, as well as individual/household level characteristics and stunting status. Of 24,657 children analyzed, 33.7% (95%CI: 32.8%-34.7%) were stunted. The odds of stunting increased significantly among children living in households with three or more children under five-years-old (aOR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.03-1.72), households with five to seven household members (aOR =1.11; 95%CI: 1.03-1.20), children whose mothers during pregnancy attended less than four antenatal care services (aOR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.08-1.39), boys (aOR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.22-1.45), children aged 12-23 months (aOR = 1.89; 95%CI: 1.54-2.32), and children who weighed <2500 g at birth (aOR = 2.55; 95%CI: 2.05-3.15). The odds also increased significantly with the reduction of household wealth index. Integrated interventions to address environment, an individual level associated with stunting in Indonesia, from the environment- to individual-level factors are important.

Some previous research has reported the effectiveness of RME in improving students’ problem solving ability and cognitive achievement. This quasi experimental research, therefore, aimed to investigate the difference in students’ mathematics cognitive achievement after implementing RME and conventional learning. The controlled treatment consisted of mathematics learning with RME equipped with snake and ladder board game and conventional learning. Developed instrument measuring students’ cognitive achievement was validated by some experts prior to the research. The results of the t-test confirmed the difference in students’ cognitive achievement both of the experimental and control group. The students who were taught with RME achieved better than the students who were involved in conventional learning. This research finding has suggested that it is important for teachers to empower students’ intellectual ability through RME and games in order that meaningful and contextual learning can be generated. It is recommended that future research will further explore the effectiveness of RME on students’ cognitive achievement.

Tulisan ini disusun dengan maksud mengeksplorasi masalah manajemen pembelajaran di sekolah yang patut mendapat perhatian semua pihak. Masalah mutu lulusan diberbagai jenjang dan jenis sekolah dipengaruhi pula oleh kualitas manajemen pembelajaran yang diterapkan di sekolah. Fakta bahwa seluruh proses dan hasil belajar yang dicapai siswa sangat tergantung kepada peranan, tugas dan tanggung jawab kepala sekolah dan guru di sekolah. Salah satu tugas dan peran kepala sekolah dan guru adalah pengelola proses pembelajar yang bertumpu pada kinerja yang bermutu. Proses pengelolaan di sekolah harus dimulai dari tahap perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pelaksanaan, pengawasan, penilaian dan tindak lanjut. Yang menjadi tuntutan itu adalah supaya proses manajemen pembelajaran dimaksud dilakukan dengan baik dan benar oleh guru yang profesional, sehingga memuat konten pembelajaran yang mampu menghasilkan kompetensi akademik dan non akademik yang utuh di dalam diri siswa. Oleh karena itu, kualitas kerja guru dalam merencanakan sampai mengevaluasi dan menggunakan hasil belajar peserta didik, berkorelasi positif dengan mutu lulusan di sekolah. Guru yang memiliki kinerja manajerial positif yang tercermin secara efektif dalam proses belajar mengajar, tentu akan memberikan dampak besar terhadap hasil pembelajaran yang dicapai oleh peserta didiknya. Pelaksanaan proses belajar mengajar di sekolah didahului dengan pekerjaan manajemen yang baik dan benar, adalah keniscayaan kerja setiap pemimpin pembelajaran yang disebut Kepala Sekolah dan guru selaku eksekutor pembelajaran di sekolah

The objective of this study was to identify learning styles of students. The approach used in this study is a quantitative approach with survey method. The variable in this study is a single variable , namely the identification of student learning styles. The study population is students of Guidance and Counseling FKIP Pattimura University totaling 388 people. Samples were used as samples in the amount of 10% of the population of 39 people. The sampling technique using Simple Random Sampling. Learning styles questionnaire prepared based on the opinion of De Poter &amp; Hernacki is used as a data collection tool. Learning styles identified as visual learning style, auditorial learning style, and kinesthetic learning style. Data analysis techniques in this study is the descriptive statistical analysis methods. Based on the survey results revealed that students of guidance and counseling FKIP Pattimura University has a tendency to one learning style. Of the 39 students found that 6 students had a tendency visual learning style, 20 students have a tendency to auditory learning style, 1 student has a tendency kinestheticlearning style, and 12 students have a tendency to mix between learning styles and learning styles visual auditorylearning styles.

In the biogeographical and taxonomical literature before the 1980s there was a wide perception that widespread, often referred to as ‘cosmopolitan’, species were very common among polychaetes. Here we discuss the origins of this perception, how it became challenged, and our current understanding of marine annelid distributions today. We comment on the presence of widely distributed species in the deep sea and on artificially extended ranges of invasive species that have been dispersed by anthropogenic means. We also suggest the measures needed to revolve the status of species with reported cosmopolitan distributions and stress the value of museum collections and vouchers to be associated with DNA sequences in resolving species distributions.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the variables of Current Ratio (CR), Return-on-Equity (ROE), Return-on-Assets (ROA), Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER), and Firm Size (FS) on Dividend Policy (DP) in real estate and property companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2016-2019, looking at nine real estate companies in Indonesia. The research methodology uses an explanatory analysis approach and linear regression. Based on the eligibility and homogeneity of the data, the number of sample companies selected was nine companies. The company's financial statement data derived from primary data obtained on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, such as current ratio (CR), return-on-equity (ROE), return-on-assets (ROA), debt-to-equity ratio (DER) and firm size and dividend policy variables. The data analysis procedure is first to transform financial data from the original ratio data into interval data and, then, transform it to ordinal data. Furthermore, the validity and reliability process are ignored because the data is primary. Finally, regression testing is part of the hypothesis testing stage. The results of this study showed that the CR, ROE, and firm size had no positive and significant effect on dividend policy. In contrast, DER and ROA have a positive and significant impact on dividend policy.

Summary Oxidative treatment can isolate a stable organic matter pool in soils for process studies of organic matter stabilization. Wet oxidation methods using hydrogen peroxide are widely used for that purpose, but are said to modify poorly crystalline soil constituents. We investigated the effect of a modified NaOCl oxidation (pH 8) on the mineral composition of 12 subsoils (4.9–38.2 g organic C kg −1 ) containing varying amounts of poorly crystalline mineral phases, i.e. 1.1–20.5 g oxalate‐extractable Fe kg −1 , and of different phyllosilicate mineralogy. Post‐oxidative changes in mineral composition were estimated by (i) the determination of elements released into the NaOCl solution, (ii) the difference in dithionite‐ and oxalate‐extractable Si, Al and Fe, and (iii) the specific surface areas (SSAs) of the soils. The NaOCl procedure reduced the organic C concentrations by 12–72%. The amounts of elements released into the NaOCl extracts were small (≤ 0.14 g kg −1 for Si, ≤ 0.13 g kg −1 for Al, and ≤ 0.03 g kg −1 for Fe). The SSA data and the amounts of dithionite‐ and oxalate‐extractable elements suggest that the NaOCl oxidation at pH 8 does not attack pedogenic oxides and hydroxides and only slightly dissolves Al from the poorly crystalline minerals. Therefore, we recommend NaOCl oxidation at pH 8 for the purpose of isolating a stable organic matter pool in soils for process studies of organic matter stabilization.

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused many hotels, restaurants and tourism activities to be temporarily closed. It has an impact on the financial performance towards the companies engaged in this sub-sector. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of Covid 19 towards the financial performance of companies engaged in the sub-sector of hotel, restaurant and tourism. Financial performance is measured using several ratios, namely liquidity ratios, solvability ratios, profitability ratios and market ratio. The ype of research is descriptive quantitave. The population in this study is 35 all companies in the sub-sector of hotel, restaurant and tourism listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019-2020 period. Samples are collected from 30 companies using purposive sampling method. Hypothesis testing is conducted using the Paired Sample t-Test. The empirical results show that, in the liquidity ratio, and market ratio there is no significant difference between the periods of before and after the first recorded Covid-19 case in Indonesia. Meanwhile, in the solvability ratio and profitability ratio, there are significant differences between the two periods.

The objective of this paper is to verify to what degree the internal and external barriers (I/EBs) to environmental management affect the adoption of green operational practices (GOPs) and to determine whether they influence the firms’ operational and green performance in a sample of Brazilian companies. A conceptual framework with 8 hypotheses is proposed and tested at 75 companies using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with WarpPLS 4.0. The main results show that (a) the proposed framework obtained an adequate statistical adjustment, (b) the internal barriers (IBs) are more significant than the EBs when adopting GOPs, (c) GOPs relate directly to the firms’ green and operational performance (OP), (d) the IBs also indirectly influence the firms’ green and OP and (e) the firm size does not significantly influence its green and OP. This work contributes to the literature by showing that companies which are looking for green competitive advantages should try to reduce their IBs. Also, policy-makers should pay attention not only to legislation that promotes ecological modernisation, but also to create a strong set of initiatives to overcome IBs, regardless of the size of the firms.

Phenotypic plasticity is a mechanism by which organisms can alter their morphology, life history or behaviour in response to environmental change. Here, we investigate shell plasticity in the intertidal gastropod Littorina littorea in response to the ocean acidification and elevated temperature values predicted for 2100, focusing on shell traits known to relate to protection from predators (size, shape and thickness) and resistance to desiccation (aperture shape). We also measured and desiccation rates (measured as percentage water loss). Ocean acidification was simulated by bubbling carbon dioxide into closed-circuit tanks at concentrations of 380 and 1000 ppm, giving respective pH levels of 8.0 and 7.7; temperatures were set at 15 or 20C. Both low pH and elevated temperature disrupted the overall investment in shell material; snails in acidified seawater and elevated temperature in isolation or in combination had lower shell growth rates than control individuals. The percentage increase in shell length was also lower for individuals kept under combined acidified seawater and elevated temperature, and the percentage of shell thickness increase at the growing edge was lower under acidified and combined conditions. Shells were also more globular (i.e. had lower aspect ratios) under elevated temperature and lower pH. Desiccation rates were lower at low pH and high temperature. Counter to predictions, water loss did not relate to shell biometric measures but was negatively correlated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations. Finally, ATP concentration was positively correlated with shell thickening and weight, confirming the idea that negative effects of exposure to elevated p CO 2 /low pH and elevated temperature on shell morphology may occur (at least in part) through metabolic disruption.

The oxide of magnesium nanoparticles synthesized using sol-gel method and analysis of the structural properties was conducted. The functional groups of nanoparticles has been analysed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Dislocations, average size of crystal, strain, stress, the energy density of crystal, crystallite size distribution and morphologies of the crystals were determined based on X-ray diffraction profile analysis. The morphological of the crystal was analysed based on the image resulted from SEM analysis. The crystallite size distribution was calculated with the contention that the particle size has a normal logarithmic form. The most orientations of crystal were determined based on the textural crystal from diffraction data of X-ray diffraction profile analysis. FT-IR results showed the stretching vibration mode of the Mg-O-Mg in the range of 400.11-525 cm−1 as a broad band. The average size crystal of nanoparticles resulted is 9.21 mm with dislocation value of crystal is 0.012 nm−2. The strains, stress, the energy density of crystal are 1.5 x 10−4; 37.31 MPa; 0.72 MPa respectively. The highest texture coefficient value of the crystal is 0.98. This result is supported by morphological analysis using SEM which shows most of the regular cubic-shaped crystals. The synthesis method is suitable for simple and cost-effective synthesis model of MgO nanoparticles.

Physiological responses to temperature are known to be a major determinant of species distributions and can dictate the sensitivity of populations to global warming. In contrast, little is known about how other major global change drivers, such as ocean acidification (OA), will shape species distributions in the future. Here, by integrating population genetics with experimental data for growth and mineralization, physiology and metabolomics, we demonstrate that the sensitivity of populations of the gastropod Littorina littorea to future OA is shaped by regional adaptation. Individuals from populations towards the edges of the natural latitudinal range in the Northeast Atlantic exhibit greater shell dissolution and the inability to upregulate their metabolism when exposed to low pH, thus appearing most sensitive to low seawater pH. Our results suggest that future levels of OA could mediate temperature-driven shifts in species distributions, thereby influencing future biogeography and the functioning of marine ecosystems.

This study examined cultural and organizational motivations for success through organizational engagement and work motivation in the Department of Public Works in the province of Maluku, Indonesia. The approach used for this study was quantitative, using a survey. The Department of Public Works of the Province of Maluku was the research site with a sample of 149 participants. The analysis method used in this study was Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA). The main findings were 1) organizational culture has a direct effect on organizational engagement and a direct contribution to employee performance, 2) organizational culture impacts company performance, 3) organizational environment has a direct effect on employee motivation and employee performance, and 4) organizational environment supports company performance. The results indicate that the organizational environment can be increased by formulating regulatory policies and establishing rules and strategies for employees to carry out their duties. Motivation for work can be boosted by giving awards that match the results of work. In building an organizational culture, attention needs to be paid to the values contained in organizational culture, consisting of corporate empowerment, team management, clarity of vision, direction, and corporate goals.

Pengembangankemampuan berpikir kreatif memang perlu dilakukan karena kemampuan ini merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang dikehendaki dunia kerja.  Kemampuan berpikir kreatif juga menjadi penentu keunggulan suatu bangsa. Daya kompetitif suatu bangsa sangat ditentukan oleh kreativitas sumber daya manusianya. Pembelajaran matematika perlu dirancang sedemikian sehingga berpotensi mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa. Pengembangan kemampuan berpikir kreatif perlu dilakukan sejalan dengan pengembangan cara mengukurnya. Tes kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis (KBKM) telah disusun dan divalidasi dari segi muka dan isi. serta memiliki reliabilitas sedang. Tes tesebut juga memiliki daya pembeda (DP) yang baik dan memiliki tingkat kesukaran (TK) yang sedang. Dengan demikian butir soal tes Kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis (KBKM) ini dapat diandalkan dalam pengumpulan data penelitian.

Oriental Journal of Chemistry is a peer reviewed quarterly research journal of pure and applied chemistry. It publishes standard research papers in almost all thrust areas of current chemistry of academic and commercial importance. It provides a platform for rapid publication of quality research papers, reviews and chemistry letters. Oriental Journal of Chemistry is abstracted and indexed in almost all reputed National and International agencies.

In a marine environment that is rapidly changing due to anthropogenic activities and climate change, area-based management tools are often used to mitigate threats and conserve biodiversity. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are amongst the most widespread and recognized marine conservation tools worldwide, however, MPAs alone are inadequate to address the environmental crisis. The promotion of other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) under draft Target 3 of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, i.e., conserving 30% of marine areas by 2030, holds promise to acknowledge sites and practices occurring beyond MPAs that contribute to conservation. Here, we evaluate the potential recognition of OECMs into Indonesia's national policy framework on marine resource management and provide the first-ever overview of distribution and types of potential marine OECMs in Indonesia, including a review of the existing evidence on conservation effectiveness. We identified > 390 potential marine OECMs, led by government, customary and local communities, or the private sector, towards diverse management objectives, including habitat protection, traditional/customary management, fisheries, tourism, or other purposes. While some evidence exists regarding the conservation effectiveness of these practices, the long-term impacts on biodiversity of all potential marine OECMs in Indonesia are unknown. Many OECM elements have been included in several national policies, yet there are no established mechanisms to identify, recognize and report sites as OECMs in Indonesia. We propose four transformational strategies for future OECM recognition in Indonesia, namely: (i) safeguard customary and traditional communities, (ii) leverage cross-sector and cross-scale collaboration, (iii) focus on delivering outcomes, and (iv) streamline legal frameworks. Our study shows that OECMs have the potential to play a significant role in underpinning marine area-based conservation in Indonesia, including supporting the Government of Indonesia in reaching national and international conservation targets and goals.

Berpikir dapat diartikan menggunakan akal budi untuk mempertimbangkan dan memutuskan sesuatu, menimbang-nimbang dalam ingatan. Proses berpikir merupakan proses kompleks dan tidak dapat dilihat secara langsung bagaimana otak bekerja dan informasi di olah. Informasi yang diterima melalui alat indera akan dipersepsikan oleh bagian-bagian yang berfungsi secara khusus. Model pembelajaran pemrosesan informasi adalah model pembelajaran yang menitikberatkan pada aktivitas yang terkait dengan kegiatan proses atau pengolahan informasi untuk meningkatkan kapabilitas siswa melalui proses pembelajaran. Model pemrosesan informasi ini didasari oleh teori belajar kognitif (Piaget) dan berorientasi pada kemampuan peserta didik memproses informasi yang dapat memperbaiki kemampuannya. Pemrosesan Informasi merujuk pada cara mengumpulkan/menerima stimuli dari lingkungan, mengorganisasi data, memecahkan masalah, menemukan konsep, dan menggunakan simbol verbal dan visual.Kata kunci: Proses berpikir, model pembelajaran pemrosesan informasi

Red mud wastes have been converted into mesoporous zeolite socony mobile-5 (ZSM-5) followed by deposited titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles to generate synergy adsorption-photodegradation for removal of dye removal in waste water. The amount of TiO2 loading was varied to achieve optimum photocatalytic activity while maintaining the mesoporosity and high surface area of ZSM-5. Sol-gel method facilitated the formation of anatase TiO2 on the ZSM-5. The fourier transform infrared spectra clarified the formation of Si–O–Ti at 957 cm−1 by the exchanging the hydrogen ion with titanium ion, which proved by decreasing the absorption band of Si–OH and Si–O interaction at 964 and 944 cm−1, respectively. Sol-gel method also preserved the mesopore diameter of ZSM-5 at 3.5 nm which allow the diffusion of methylene blue (MB) molecules into the pores. However, the surface area and the pore volume were slightly reduced with increasing the TiO2 loading. The adsorption performance of samples showed that the increasing in the TiO2 loading led to the decreasing in the adsorption capacity. All samples showed the suitability towards the pseudo second order kinetic. The Langmuir isotherm was suitable to describe the adsorption mechanism by monolayer adsorption. Mesoporosity of ZSM-5 accelerated the adsorption of dye via the increase of mass transfer in the pore channel which confirmed by the low intercept of intraparticle diffusion model at the first stage. The photocatalytic test showed that 10% TiO2 loading on the ZSM-5 exhibited the highest methylene blue removal followed by 5% and 20% TiO2 loading. Optimization on the amount of photocatalyst and the pH of solution indicated the reaction favoured 1 g L−1 of catalysts and at alkaline pH. 10% TiO2/ZSM-5 also exhibited high stability and reusability up to four reaction cycles. Photocatalytic performance of 10% TiO2/ZSM-5 was further investigated on photodegradation of malachite green and rhodamine B organic dyes, which showed the photocatalytic efficiency of 73 and 88%, respectively. Superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, and photogenerated electron were identified as the main active species for MB photodegradation based on the reduction of degradation rate following the addition scavenger molecules.

This study examines the effect of job satisfaction on job performance with self esteem and self efficacy as an intervening variable. The purpose of this study is to find empirical evidence about the presence of a) the positive effect of job satisfaction on self esteem, b) the positive effect of job satisfaction on self efficacy, c) the positive effect of job satisfaction on job performance, d) the positive effect of self esteem on self efficacy, e) the positive effect of self esteem on job performance, f) the positive effect of self efficacy on job performance. The respondents of this study are the students of Magister Science of Gajah Mada University, especially those who are lecturer that come from many universities in Indonesia. The collecting data used the direct distribution questionnaire. Data were analyzed using path analysis. The result from this study are the positive effect of job satisfaction on self esteem, job satisfaction on self efficacy, job satisfaction on job performance, self esteem on self efficacy, self efficacy on job performance.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between metacognitive ability and learning autonomy as a strategy for improving student learning outcomes. Metacognition has a major contribution to the success of learners because it is mainly concerned with the process of thinking. For this reason, the classroom environment must be designed to allow learners the opportunity to autonomously determine their learning strategies. Autonomous learning itself has a close relationship with the ability of learners to express, be more creative, have self-esteem, and understand conceptual learning that is more challenging. The method used in this research is the descriptive correlational method, with a sample of 30 students from the Department of Language and Arts. The research sample was students from the first semester of 2018/2019, who were chosen randomly. Data were collected through questionnaires and tests. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between metacognitive ability, learner’s autonomy, and learning outcomes in Indonesian language courses. These results indicate that there is an encouragement for students to increase their learning capacity for themselves. Also, they are encouraged to develop their learning strategies and have the opportunity to make decisions, especially in developing ideas.