A Comparison of a Fentanyl, Morphine, and Hydromorphone Patient-Controlled Intravenous Delivery for Acute Postoperative Analgesia: A Multicenter Study of Opioid-Induced Adverse Reactions

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a widely used delivery system for intravenous (IV) administration of opioids during acute post-operative pain management. Various opioids have been used for IV PCA including morphine, meperidine, hydromorphone, and fentanyl. Morphine is by far the most commonly ... View More