Helplessness, self-efficacy, cognitive distortions, and depression in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury

M. Shnek, Zachary; W. Foley, Frederick; G. LaRocca, Nicholas; A. Gordon, Wayne; DeLuca, John; G. Schwartzman, Harlene; Halper, June; Lennox, Shelley; Irvine, Jane

doi:10.1007/bf02892293

Public

Helplessness, self-efficacy, cognitive distortions, and depression in multiple sclerosis and spinal cord injury

Published in Annals of Behavioral Medicine • Sep 1, 1997

Authors:

Zachary M. Shnek

Frederick W. Foley

Nicholas G. LaRocca

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine if learned helplessness, self-efficacy, and cognitive distortions would predict depression in a sample of 80 individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 80 individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI). As MS and SCI usually present with disparate disease course...

Subject

Learned helplessness

Depression (economics)

Multiple sclerosis

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