A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

P. Grotzinger, J.; Y. Sumner, D.; C. Kah, Linda; M. Stack, K.; Gupta, Sanjeev; A. Edgar, L.; M. Rubin, David; W. Lewis, K.; Schieber, Jüergen; Mangold, N.; E. Milliken, R.; G. Conrad, P.; J. DesMarais, David; D. Farmer, Jack; L. Siebach, K.; J. Calef, F.; A. Hurowitz, J.; M. McLennan, S.; W. Ming, D.; T. Vaniman, D.; A. Crisp, J.; R. Vasavada, A.; S. Edgett, K.; C. Malin, M.; F. Blake, D.; Gellert, R.; R. Mahaffy, P.; C. Wiens, R.; Maurice, S.; A. Grant, J.; A. Wilson, Sharon; C. Anderson, Robert; W. Beegle, L.; E. Arvidson, R.; Hallet, B.; S. Sletten, R.; S. Rice, M.; F. Bell, J.; L. Griffes, J.; L. Ehlmann, B.; B. Anderson, R.; F. Bristow, T.; E. Dietrich, W.; Dromart, Gilles; L. Eigenbrode, J.; A. Fraeman, A.; Hardgrove, C.; E. Herkenhoff, K.; Jandura, Louise; Kocurek, Gary; Lee, S.; A. Leshin, L.; Léveillé, Richard; Limonadi, D.; N. Maki, J.; McCloskey, Scott; A. Meÿer, Michael; E. Minitti, M.; E. Newsom, H.; Z. Oehler, Dorothy; Okon, A.; C. Palucis, M.; J. Parker, T.; K. Rowland, Scott; E. Schmidt, M.; W. Squyres, S.; Steele, A.; M. Stolper, E.; E. Summons, Roger; H. Treiman, A.; M. E. Williams, R.; Yingst, Aileen; Science Team, MSL; Kemppinen, Osku; Bridges, Nathan; R. Johnson, J.; A. Cremers, David; Godber, Austin; Wadhwa, M.; Wellington, Danika; McEwan, Ian; Newman, Claire; I. Richardson, M.; Charpentier, Antoine; Péret, Laurent; L. King, P.; G. Blank, Jennifer; Weigle, Gerald; Li, Shuai; M. Robertson, Kevin; Z. Sun, V.; Baker, Michael; S. Edwards, Christopher; A. Farley, Kenneth; Miller, Hayden; Newcombe, Megan; Pilorget, Cedric; Brunet, Claude; Hipkin, Victoria; Léveillé, Richard; Marchand, Geneviève; Sobrón Sánchez, Pablo; Favot, Laurent; D. Cody, George; Flückiger, Lorenzo; Lees, David; Nefian, Ara; Martin, Mildred; Gailhanou, M.; Westall, Francès; Israël, Guy; Agard, Christophe; Baroukh, Julien; Donny, Christophe; Gaboriaud, Alain; Guillemot, Philippe; Lafaille, Vivian; Lorigny, Éric; Paillet, Alexis; Pérez, R.; Saccoccio, M.; Yana, Charles; Armiens‐Aparicio, Carlos; Rodríguez, Javier; Carrasco Blázquez, Isaías; Gómez, Felipe; Gómez‐Elvira, Javier; Hettrich, Sebastian; Lepinette Malvitte, Alain; Marín Jiménez, Mercedes; Martínez‐Frías, Jesús; Martín-Soler, Javier; Martín‐Torres, Javier; Molina Jurado, Antonio; Mora‐Sotomayor, Luis; M. Muñoz, G.; Navarro López, Sara; Peinado-González, Verónica; Pla‐García, Jorge; A. Rodríguez‐Manfredi, J.; José Romeral-Planelló, Julio; Alejandra Sans Fuentes, Sara; Sebastian Martinez, Eduardo; Torres Redondo, Josefina; Urqui-O’Callaghan, Roser; Zorzano Mier, María-Paz; J. Chipera, S.; Lacour, Jean-Luc; Mauchien, Patrick; Sirven, Jean‐Baptiste; Manning, Heidi; González Fairén, Alberto; G. Hayes, Alexander; Joseph, Jonathan; Sullivan, Robert; C. Thomas, P.; Dupont, Audrey; Lundberg, Angela; Melikechi, Noureddine; Mezzacappa, Alissa; DeMarines, Julia; Grinspoon, David; Reitz, Günther; Prats, Benito; Atlaskin, Evgeny; Genzer, Maria; Harri, Ari‐Matti; Haukka, Harri; Kahanpää, Henrik; Kauhanen, Janne; Paton, Mark; Polkko, Jouni; Schmidt, Walter; Siili, T.; Fabre, C.; J. Wray, J.; Beth Wilhelm, Mary; Poitrasson, Franck; Patel, Kiran; Gorevan, Stephen; Indyk, Stephen; Paulsen, G.; L. Bish, D.; Gondet, Brigitte; Langevin, Yves; Geffroy, Claude; Baratoux, David; Berger, Gilles; Cros, Alain; d’Uston, C.; Forni, Olivier; Gasnault, O.; Lasue, Jérémie; Lee, Qiu-Mei; Meslin, Pierre‐Yves; Pallier, E.; Parot, Yann; Pinet, Patrick; Schröder, Susanne; Toplis, Mike; Lewin, Éric; Brunner, Will; Heydari, Ezat; Achilles, Cherie; Sutter, B.; Cabane, M.; Coscia, David; Szopa, Cyril; Robert, François; Sautter, V.; Le Mouëlic, Stéphane; Nachon, Marion; Buch, A.; Stalport, Fabien; Coll, Patrice; François, Pascaline; Raulin, F.; Teinturier, Samuel; F. Cameron, James; Clegg, Sam; Cousin, A.; DeLapp, Dorothea; Dingler, Robert; Steele Jackson, Ryan; Johnstone, Stephen; Lanza, N.; Little, Cynthia; Nelson, Tony; B. Williams, Richard; Jones, Andrea; Kirkland, Laurel; Baker, Burt; A. Cantor, B.; A. Caplinger, M.; Davis, Scott; Duston, Brian; Fay, Donald; E. Harker, D.; Herrera, Paul; Jensen, Elsa; R. Kennedy, Megan; Krezoski, Gillian; Krysak, Daniel; Lipkaman, Leslie; McCartney, Elaina; McNair, Sean; Nixon, Brian; Posiolova, L.; A. Ravine, M.; Salamon, Andrew; Saper, Lee; Stoiber, Kevin; Supulver, Kimberley; Van Beek, Jason; Van Beek, Tessa; Zimdar, Robert; L. French, Katherine; Iagnemma, Karl; Miller, Kristen; Goesmann, F.; Goetz, Walter; F. Hviid, S.; Johnson, Micah; Lefavor, Matthew; Lyness, Eric; Breves, Elly; D. Dyar, M.; I. Fassett, C.; Edwards, Laurence; Haberle, Robert; Hoehler, Tori; Hollingsworth, Jeff; A. Kahre, M.; Keely, Leslie; P. McKay, Christopher; V. Bleacher, L.; B. Brinckerhoff, W.; Choi, David; P. Dworkin, Jason; Floyd, Melissa; Freissinet, Caroline; Garvin, James; P. Glavin, D.; Harpold, Daniel; K. Martin, David; C. McAdam, A.; A. Pavlov, Alexander; Raaen, E.; D. Smith, Michael; C. Stern, J.; Tan, Florence; G. Trainer, M.; Posner, A.; Voytek, Mary; D. Aubrey, A.; Behar, A.; L. Blaney, D.; E. Brinza, D.; E. 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Tretyakov, V.; Varenikov, A.; Vostrukhin, Andrey; N. Kuz’min, R.; Clark, Benton; J. Wolff, M.; Botta, Oliver; M. Drake, Darrell; Bean, Keri; T. Lemmon, M.; P. Schwenzer, S.; Mae Lee, Ella; Sucharski, Robert; Ángel de Pablo Hernández, Miguel; J. Blanco, J.; Ramos, Miguel; Y. Kim, Myung‐Hee; A. Malespin, C.; Plante, Ianik; Müller, Jan‐Peter; Navarro‐González, R.; C. Ewing, R.; V. Boynton, W.; Downs, Robert; Fitzgibbon, Mike; Harshman, K.; M. Morrison, Shaunna; Kortmann, Onno; J. Williams, Amy; W. Lugmair, G.; A. Wilson, Michael; M. Jakosky, B.; Balić-Žunić, T.; Frydenvang, Jens; Kløvgaard Jensen, Jaqueline; Kinch, Kjartan; Koefoed, Asmus; Bo Madsen, Morten; L. S. Stipp, S.; Boyd, Nick; L. Campbell, John; M. Perrett, G.; Pradler, Irina; VanBommel, Scott; Jacob, Samantha; Owen, Tobias; Savijärvi, Hannu; Boehm, E.; Böttcher, Stephan; Burmeister, S.; Guo, Jingnan; Köhler, Jan; Martín García, César; Mueller‐Mellin, R.; F. Wimmer‐Schweingruber, R.; C. Bridges, John; McConnochie, Timothy; Benna, M.; B. Franz, H.; Bower, Hannah; Brunner, Anna; Blau, Hannah; Boucher, Thomas; Carmosino, Marco; Atreya, Sushil; Elliott, Harvey; Halleaux, Douglas; O. Rennó, N.; H. Wong, Michael; Pepin, Robert; Elliott, Beverley; Spray, John; Thompson, Lucy; Gordon, S.; Ollila, A.; Williams, Joshua; Vasconcelos, Paulo; Bentz, Jennifer; H. Nealson, Kenneth; Popa, Radu; Moersch, J.; Tate, Christopher; Day, Mackenzie; Francis, Raymond; McCullough, Emily; Cloutis, Ed; L. ten Kate, I.; Scholes, Daniel; Slavney, S.; Stein, Thomas; Ward, Jennifer; Berger, Jeffrey; E. Moores, John

doi:10.1126/science.1242777

Public

A Habitable Fluvio-Lacustrine Environment at Yellowknife Bay, Gale Crater, Mars

Published in Science • Dec 10, 2013

Authors:

J. P. Grotzinger

D. Y. Sumner

Linda C. Kah

Abstract

The Curiosity rover discovered fine-grained sedimentary rocks, which are inferred to represent an ancient lake and preserve evidence of an environment that would have been suited to support a martian biosphere founded on chemolithoautotrophy. This aqueous environment was characterized by neutral pH,...

Subject

Noachian

Mars Exploration Program

Martian

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