Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Based on Stroke Volume Variations Improves Fluid Management and Gastrointestinal Perfusion in Patients Undergoing Major Orthopedic Surgery

BACKGROUND: The gastric intramucosal pH (pHi) and gastric mucosal-arterial CO2 gap (GAP) estimate visceral perfusion and predict outcome. Threshold values of these variables for use during resuscitation, however, remain poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to develop clinically derived cuto... View More