Steroid Estrogens, Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Metabolites, and Other Wastewater Contaminants in Groundwater Affected by a Residential Septic System on Cape Cod, MA

H. Swartz, Christopher; Reddy, Sharanya; J. Benotti, Mark; Yin, Haifei; B. Barber, Larry; J. Brownawell, Bruce; A. Rudel, Ruthann

doi:10.1021/es052595+

Public

Steroid Estrogens, Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Metabolites, and Other Wastewater Contaminants in Groundwater Affected by a Residential Septic System on Cape Cod, MA

Published in Environmental Science & Technology • Jul 18, 2006

Authors:

Christopher H. Swartz

Sharanya Reddy

Mark J. Benotti

Abstract

Septic systems serve approximately 25% of U.S. households and may be an important source of estrogenic and other organic wastewater contaminants (OWC) to groundwater. We monitored several estrogenic OWC, including nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol mono- and diethoxycarboxylates (NP1EC and NP2EC), the st...

Subject

Groundwater

Environmental chemistry

Anoxic waters

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