Calcium Carbonate Scale Formation in Pipes: Effect of Flow Rates, Temperature, and Malic Acid as Additives on the Mass and Morphology of the Scale

Muryanto, S.; Priharyoto Bayuseno, Athanasius; Ma’mun, Hisyam; Usamah, Muhammad; Jotho, Jotho

doi:10.1016/j.proche.2014.05.009

Public

Calcium Carbonate Scale Formation in Pipes: Effect of Flow Rates, Temperature, and Malic Acid as Additives on the Mass and Morphology of the Scale

Published in Procedia Chemistry • Jan 1, 2014

Authors:

S. Muryanto

Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno

Hisyam Ma’mun

Abstract

It is well recognized that calcium carbonates (CaCO3) is one of the main components of scale that is commonly encountered in chemical and related industries. The calcium carbonate scale often grows extensively on equipment and parts, causing major operational difficulties. This paper presents experi...

Subject

Malic acid

Calcium carbonate

Mixing (physics)

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