Novel “3-D spacer” all fibre piezoelectric textiles for energy harvesting applications

Using “3D-spacer” technology, we have knitted 80% β-phase PVDF with Ag/PA66 fibres to demonstrate all fibre piezoelectric power generators. The 3D structure provides a power density of 1.10–5.10 μW cm −2 at applied impacts of 0.02–0.10 MPa.