A comparison of the forces required to produce tooth movement in vitro using two self-ligating brackets and a pre-adjusted bracket employing two types of ligation

Friction in fixed appliance systems has received considerable attention in the recent literature, although that attributable to the type of ligation used has not been fully investigated. This in vitro study of 0.022 x 0.028 inch slot Minitwin, Activa ('A' Company, San Diego, California, USA), and SP... View More