Impact of Recycling on Cradle-to-Gate Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries

B. Dunn, Jennifer; Gaines, Linda; L. Sullivan, J.; Wang, Michael

doi:10.1021/es302420z

Public

Impact of Recycling on Cradle-to-Gate Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries

Published in Environmental Science & Technology • Oct 17, 2012

Authors:

Jennifer B. Dunn

Linda Gaines

J. L. Sullivan

Abstract

This paper addresses the environmental burdens (energy consumption and air emissions, including greenhouse gases, GHGs) of the material production, assembly, and recycling of automotive lithium-ion batteries in hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, and battery electric vehicles (BEV) that use Li...

Subject

Battery (electricity)

Greenhouse gas

Energy consumption

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