X Chromosome Dose and Sex Bias in Autoimmune Diseases: Increased Prevalence of 47,XXX in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjögren's Syndrome

Liu, Ke; T. Kurien, Biji; Zimmerman, Sarah; M. Kaufman, Kenneth; H. Taft, Diana; C. Kottyan, Leah; Lázaro, Sara; A. Weaver, Carrie; A. Ice, John; J. Adler, Adam; Chodosh, James; Radfar, Lida; Rasmussen, Astrid; U. Stone, Donald; M. Lewis, David; Li, Shibo; A. Koelsch, Kristi; Igoe, Ann; Talsania, Mitali; Kumar, Jay; S. Maier‐Moore, Jacen; M. Harris, Valerie; Gopalakrishnan, Rajaram; Jonsson, Roland; Lessard, James; Lu, Xianglan; Gottenberg, Jacques‐Eric; Anaya, Juan‐Manuel; S. Cunninghame‐Graham, Deborah; Huang, Andrew; T. Brennan, Michael; Hughes, Pamela; G. Illei, Gabor; Miceli‐Richard, Corinne; Keystone, Edward; P. Bykerk, Vivian; M. Hirschfield, Gideon; Xie, Gang; Ng, Wan‐Fai; Nordmark, Gunnel; Eriksson, Per; Omdal, Roald; L. Rhodus, Nelson; Rischmueller, Maureen; D. Rohrer, Michael; Segal, Barbara; J. Vyse, Timothy; Wahren‐Herlenius, Marie; Witte, Torsten; A. Pons‐Estel, Bernardo; E. Alarcón‐Riquelme, Marta; M. Guthridge, Joel; A. James, Judith; J. Lessard, Christopher; A. Kelly, Jennifer; D. Thompson, Susan; M. Gaffney, Patrick; G. Montgomery, Courtney; C. Edberg, Jeffrey; P. Kimberly, Robert; S. Alarcón, Graciela; Langefeld, Carl; S. Gilkeson, Gary; L. Kamen, Diane; P. Tsao, Betty; Joseph McCune, W.; E. Salmon, Jane; T. Merrill, Joan; H. Weisman, Michael; J. Wallace, Daniel; O. Utset, Tammy; P. Böttinger, Erwin; I. Amos, Christopher; A. Siminovitch, Katherine; Mariette, Xavier; L. Sivils, Kathy; B. Harley, John; Hal Scofield, R.

doi:10.1002/art.39560

Public

X Chromosome Dose and Sex Bias in Autoimmune Diseases: Increased Prevalence of 47,XXX in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Sjögren's Syndrome

Published in Arthritis & Rheumatology • Dec 29, 2015

Authors:

Ke Liu

Biji T. Kurien

Sarah Zimmerman

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: More than 80% of autoimmune disease predominantly affects females, but the mechanism for this female bias is poorly understood. We suspected that an X chromosome dose effect accounts for this, and we undertook this study to test our hypothesis that trisomy X (47,XXX; occurring in ∼1 in 1,...

Subject

Medicine

Odds ratio

Rheumatoid arthritis

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