Long-term neurological and cognitive impact of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis in over 4 million patients

Elboraay, Toka; Ahmed Ebada, Mahmoud; Elsayed, Maged; Aboeldahab, Heba; Mohamed Salamah, Hazem; El-Sayed Rageh, Omar; Elmallahy, Mohamed; Elsaeed AboElfarh, Hadeer; Said Mansour, Lena; Nabil, Yehia; K. Abdeltawab, Ahmed; Atwan, Hany; Alkanj, Souad

doi:10.1186/s12883-025-04174-9

Public

Long-term neurological and cognitive impact of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis in over 4 million patients

Published in BMC Neurology • Jun 14, 2025

Authors:

Toka Elboraay

Mahmoud Ahmed Ebada

Maged Elsayed

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric symptoms emerged early in the COVID-19 pandemic as a key feature of the virus, with research confirming a range of neuropsychiatric manifestations linked to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the persistence of neurological symptoms in the post-acute and chronic phases...

Subject

Meta-analysis

Medicine

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

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