Beyond FITT: addressing density in understanding the dose–response relationships of physical activity with health—an example based on brain health

Herold, Fabian; Zou, Liye; Theobald, Paula; Manser, Patrick; S. Falck, Ryan; Yu, Qian; Liu‐Ambrose, Teresa; Kramer, Arthur; I. Erickson, Kirk; Cheval, Boris; Chen, Yanxia; Heath, Matthew; Zhang, Zhihao; Ishihara, Toru; Kamijo, Keita; Ando, Soichi; T. Costello, Joseph; Hallgren, Mats; Moreau, David; Farrahi, Vahid; A. Raichlen, David; Stamatakis, Emmanuel; J. Wheeler, Michael; Owen, Neville; Ludyga, Sebastian; Budde, Henning; Gronwald, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s00421-025-05858-3

Public

Beyond FITT: addressing density in understanding the dose–response relationships of physical activity with health—an example based on brain health

Published in European Journal of Applied Physiology • Jun 26, 2025

Authors:

Fabian Herold

Liye Zou

Paula Theobald

Abstract

Research on physical activity (PA) and health has a fundamental concern with dose-response relationships. The variables of (1) Frequency, (2) Intensity, (3) Time, and (4) Type (i.e., the FITT principle) have traditionally been used to operationalize the dosage of PA. We consider some limitations of ...

Subject

Operationalization

Physical activity

Sports medicine

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