Förderverein Institut für Medizintechnik Dresden

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are widely used for bone-defect treatment. Current developments comprise the fabrication of porous scaffolds by three-dimensional plotting and doting using biologically active substances, such as strontium. Strontium is known to increase osteoblast activity and simultaneously to decrease osteoclast resorption. This study investigated the short- and long-term in vivo performances of strontium(II)-doted CPC (SrCPC) scaffolds compared to non-doted CPC scaffolds after implantation in unloaded or load-bearing trabecular bone defects in sheep. After 6 weeks, both CPC and SrCPC scaffolds exhibited good biocompatibility and osseointegration. Fluorochrome labeling revealed that both scaffolds were penetrated by newly formed bone already after 4 weeks. Neither strontium doting nor mechanical loading significantly influenced early bone formation. In contrast, after 6 months, bone formation was significantly enhanced in SrCPC compared to CPC scaffolds. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis demonstrated the release of strontium from the SrCPC into the bone. Strontium addition did not significantly influence material resorption or osteoclast formation. Mechanical loading significantly stimulated bone formation in both CPC and SrCPC scaffolds after 6 months without impairing scaffold integrity. The most bone was found in SrCPC scaffolds under load-bearing conditions. Concluding, these results demonstrate that strontium doting and mechanical loading additively stimulated bone formation in CPC scaffolds and that the scaffolds exhibited mechanical stability under moderate load, implying good clinical suitability. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:106-117, 2018.

Fragaria vesca is the most distributed wild species in the genus Fragaria. Due to this biogeography a high diversity is to expect. During two harvest seasons sixteen accessions from different locations from the most eastern habitat at Lake Baikal in Siberia, from Middle and Southern Europe and Northern Europe with Scandinavia and Iceland were investigated as well as two of the three described North American subspecies and three F. vesca cultivars. Five very distinct European F. ×ananassa cultivars were chosen to serve as a comparison. Beside brix value and acid contents the aroma patterns including 67 volatile compounds were quantified by stir bar sorptive extraction followed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. The diversity of important volatiles of Fragaria vesca and F. ×ananassa is discussed regarding biogeography, domestication, breeding and the so-called funnel effect.

Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that is released under pathological conditions and interacts with four G-protein-coupled receptor subtypes. These receptors are widely distributed throughout the body. They are involved in many central and peripheral processes, including immunological and inflammatory responses. In inflammatory and asthmatic conditions, the extracellular concentration of adenosine increases in the airway tissue. It enhances mast cell degranulation and bronchoconstriction, but may also inhibit eosinophil or lymphocyte function or modulate reactive oxygen species generation in neutrophils. Despite a large number of studies clearly indicating the effects of adenosine in vitro, many aspects of the mechanisms involved in the adenosine-mediated responses are still unclear, and our knowledge is limited in understanding the complex multifactorial interactions occurring in the whole body. The discovery of adenosine receptor compounds acting with increasing selectivity will bring new approaches to the use of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists and may clarify some of the current uncertainties. On the basis of our present knowledge, the development of adenosine A(2A)- or (A3)-receptor agonists as antiinflammatory agents or A(2B)-receptor antagonists as inhibitors of mast cell degranulation for the treatment of asthma holds promise.

Bergmeier, E., Kypriotakis, Z., Jahn, R., Böhling, N., Dimopoulos, P., Raus, Th. & Tzanoudakis, D.: Flora and phytogeographical significance of the islands Chrisi, Koufonisi and nearby islets (S Aegean, Greece). — Willdenowia 31: 329–356. 2001. — ISSN 0511-9618.An annotated floristic catalogue is provided for the islands Chrisi (Gaidouronisi), Koufonisi and the nearby islets Mikronisi, Strongili, Makrouli and Trachilos, all off SE Kriti. Critical use is made of literature data, and hitherto unpublished records, mostly from 1997 through 2000, add substantially to the first full vascular plant inventory of the islands. The total numbers of vascular plant taxa currently known from each island are as follows (accepted taxon records from literature, if extant, in brackets): Chrisi 275 (162), Mikronisi 71 (21), Koufonisi 273 (71), Strongili 110, Makrouli 115, Trachilos 96. Most noteworthy are Suaeda palaestina and Ononis vaginalis (currently with their single localities in Europe); Allium brachyspathum, Astragalus boeticus, A. peregrinus, Galium recurvum, Hippocrepis unisiliquosa, Lagurus ovatus subsp. nanus, Ononis diffusa, Orobanche grisebachii, Schoenoplectus litoralis (new records or confirmations for the Cretan area as a whole, or for the territory of Kriti proper including offshore islands); and Chlamydophora tridentata, Frankenia corymbosa and Hymenolobus procumbens (new regional records for the E part of Kriti and its offshore islands). The N African, pronouncedly thermophilous phytogeographical element is fairly well represented in the investigated area, thence Koufonisi in particular must be considered the driest and hottest SE European island. The principal habitats encountered in each of the islands are outlined and the present conditions for nature conservation discussed.

From the bloodsucking bug Dipetalogaster maximus, a protein with anticoagulant activity was isolated and biochemically characterized. The isolated protein, named dipetalogastin, possesses an average molecular mass of 11.8 kD. Its N-terminal sequence shows homology to rhodniin, a thrombin inhibitor isolated from the bug Rhodnius prolixus. The in vitro anticoagulant activity of dipetalogastin occurs via the inhibition of thrombin. The anticoagulant and thrombin inhibitory potency of dipetalogastin is comparable to that of recombinant hirudin. Its specific thrombin inhibitory activity is 9,300 antithrombin units/mg protein. Dipetalogastin forms only 1:1 molar complexes with thrombin. It is a tight-binding inhibitor of thrombin possessing a dissociation constant of 125 fM. It does not inhibit factor Xa or alpha-chymotrypsin and only weakly inhibits trypsin.

Many drugs exist as asymmetric three-dimensional (chiral) molecules and will therefore have several stereoisomers. There are often pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and/or toxicological differences between enantiomers. The choice between developing a racemate or single enantiomers depends on therapeutic advances and developmental costs involved. Regarding the target environment for drug intervention, even if natural physiological mediators are achiral, their receptors may demonstrate a preference for the (-)- or (+)-enantiomer of agonists or antagonists. It is also obvious that the majority of enzymes and channels are stereospecific, at least to a variable extent. From a pharmacokinetics point of view, chirality can have an influence on drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination. With a few exceptions, toxicological differences between isomers of known drugs are less dramatic than thought to be and only seldom substantiate the necessity of a racemic switch. The pharmaceutical industry is currently very interested in the so-called "racemic switch." Before proceeding to a racemic switch it is necessary to determine if 1) it is chemically feasible to produce a single enantiomer; 2) a clinical advantage is obtainable through a racemic switch; and 3) a marketing advantage is obtainable. The real goal of a racemic switch should be the rational development of compounds that are profitable for the company and--first of all--beneficial for the patient.

Silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) devices combine silicon waveguides with a number of specialized materials, ranging from third-order optically-nonlinear molecules to second-order nonlinear polymers and liquid-crystals. Second-order nonlinear materials allow building high-speed and low-voltage electro-optic modulators, which are key components for future silicon-based photonics transceivers. We report on a 90 GHz bandwidth phase modulator, and on a 56 Gbit/s QPSK experiment using an IQ Pockels effect modulator. By using liquid-crystal claddings instead, we show experimentally that phase shifters with record-low power consumption and ultra-low voltage-length product of <i>V</i>_&pi;<i>L</i> = 0.06 Vmm. Secondorder nonlinear materials, moreover, allow creating nonlinear waveguides for sum- or difference-frequency generation, and for lowest-noise optical parametric amplification. These processes are exploited for a large variety of applications, like in the emerging field of on-chip generation of mid-IR wavelengths, where pump powers are significantly smaller compared to equivalent devices using third-order nonlinear materials. In this work, we present the first SOH waveguide design suited for second-order nonlinear processes. We predict for our device an amplification of 14 dB/cm assuming a conservative &chi;⁽²⁾-nonlinearity of 230 pm/V and a CW pump power as low as 20 dBm.

ABSTRACT The rapid development of dynamic data-integrative modeling of geologic processes and subsurface structures is an important factor for the sustainable utilization of natural resources. One of the current gaps in data-integrative modeling is the interactive construction of realistic 3D models of the earth’s underground. We have developed here a methodology of 3D interactive processing of potential fields — gravity and magnetics — as well as their potentials and derivatives, combining forward and inverse modeling. Forward computations are based on the approximation of geologic subsurface structures by polyhedra with triangulated surfaces. Inverse computations for the model geometry are performed by means of the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy (CMA-ES), which is proved to be efficient in the case of a strongly nonlinear problem and high-dimensional parameter space, as in potential field models. The main disadvantage is related to triangulation, as certain algorithmic constraints must be applied during the approximation of geologic body shapes. To avoid topology distortions, we use a concept of warping the space containing the model, rather than the model itself. However, the optimized lengths of grid sides are dependent on each other, which degrades the self-adaptation of the CMA-ES. The elegant solution is to introduce a system of virtual elastic springs connecting the grid nodes. We develop a numerical formulation of this system and provide a proof of the concept rather than an overview of the theoretical concepts of the inversion schemes. The new workflow is tested on the 3D SEG Advanced Modeling Program model and applied to a real case study of salt dome modeling in the Northwest German Basin. In the context of the inversion procedure described here, we determine how an interpreter can visually control and influence the quality of the inversion on a timeline.

It has been observed that the Syndrome of Contractures and Deformities (SofCD) is the causal influence of malformations in locomotor”s system in children and the insufficiency and pain in adults patients. According to Prof. Hans Mau there exists a list of symptoms in newborns and babies. He describes this syndrome as 'the Seven Contracture Syndrome' (in German "Siebenersyndrom”). In the article the 8-th deformity, namely the varus deformity of shanks, is described by the authors in 2006. The article thoroughly presents the Syndrome of Contractures and Deformities and its influence to development of hip dysplasia, as the primary cause of wry neck (torticollis) and one of the four causes of Blount disease. Additionally, the explanation of the biomechanical etiology of the so-called idiopathic scoliosis is also provided.

Ueber das krystallisirte niolybdinsaure Natron fiodet man in den verschiedenen Lehrbtichern versclriedene , von einander abweichende und sehr maogelhafte Angaben.B e r z e 1 i 11 s besclireibt molybdinsaures Nnlron

The dose dependence of the antihypertensive effect of the beta 1 selective blocker talinolol (CAS 57460-41-0, Cordanum) was investigated in 97 essential hypertensive patients (mild to moderate) using the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in a single-centre, double-blind, randomized parallel-group study. After 4 weeks of treatment a comparison was made between the once daily administered doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg as well as with placebo. The primary parameter was the mean diastolic blood pressure between 8.00 and 22.00 (dTMW). Furthermore, the duration of action of the once daily administration of 200 mg talinolol was compared with the twice daily application of 100 mg each. With regard to dTMW an increasing antihypertensive effect was determined for the dosage step from 50 mg to 100 mg talinolol/d. No further increase in the blood pressure lowering effect was observed with 200 mg talinolol/d. The highest frequency of therapy responders was found in the 100 mg group with 72.2%. Moreover it could be demonstrated, that within the dosage range of 1 x 100-200 mg Talinolol/d a significant and 24 h lasting reduction of blood pressure and pulse rate was achieved, including the early morning period. There were no differences between the blood pressure profile of the 200 mg group and the 2 x 100 mg group at the end of the 4 weeks treatment. All talinolol dosages investigated in this study were proved to be safe and well tolerated. The observed complaints classified as adverse drug reactions represented typical side effects of beta-blockers of mild to moderate intensity. It can be concluded from the results that the once daily intake of talinolol in the dosage range of 100-200 mg/d shows a reliable efficacy in the treatment of essential hypertension accompanied by a noncritical safety profile.

SiC-Au-stepper masks have been used for the fabrication of sub-micron devices by SOR based X-ray lithography in connection with a high precision alignment. As a test device we chosed a sub-micron transistor with four lithographic layers. The gatelength and the gate-width is scaled down from 2.0 pa to 0.5 wri, and 8.0 p.m to 1.0 p.m respectively. The SiC-mask blanks have been fabricated in a batch process by high temperature CVD deposition. Due to extensive process optimization SiC-membranes with a very smootA surface (RMS-roughness &lt; 20 nm) and a Young&apos;s modulus as high as the bulk value (4.6&bull;19 Pa) have been fabricated. Membranes of 2.5 4m in thickness having areas of up to 28 cm are being prepared with excellent transparency for synchrotron and optical radiation. For high X-ray absorption electroplated Au absorbing pattern have been applied. The combination of rigid SiC-membranes with a stress reduced Au-absorber (stress less than 1&bull;10 Pa) will result in a mask distortion of less than 5 ppm even for a &quot;worstcase&quot; geometry of membrane and absorber pattern. Precise 0.5-micron pattern with an excellent control of the critical dimensions have been generated by e-beam lithography and electroplating, as well as mask copying by using synchrotron orbit radiation (SOR). Due to the excellent detection accuracy of the alignment pattern in case of SiC-masks (6 nm) a practical determined alignment accuracy of 40 nm has been obtained by using the MAX1 stepper at BESSY.

The analysis of residual solvents or generally, volatile organic substances using static headspace gas chromatography, is often accompanied by matrix effects.

Axillary lymphadenopathy (LA) after COVID-19 vaccination is now known to be a common side effect. In these cases, malignancy cannot always be excluded on the basis of morphological imaging criteria.Narrative review for decision-making regarding control and follow-up intervals for axillary LA according to currently published research. This article provides a practical overview of the management of vaccine-associated LA using image examples and a flowchart and provides recommendations for follow-up intervals. A particular focus is on patients presenting for diagnostic breast imaging. The diagnostic criteria for pathological lymph nodes (LN) are explained.Axillary LA is a common adverse effect after COVID-19 vaccination (0.3-53%). The average duration of LA is more than 100 days. LA is also known to occur after other vaccinations, such as the seasonal influenza vaccine. Systematic studies on this topic are missing. Other causes of LA after vaccination (infections, autoimmune diseases, malignancies) should be considered for the differential diagnosis. If the LA persists for more than 3 months after COVID-19 vaccination, a primarily sonographic follow-up examination is recommended after another 3 months. A minimally invasive biopsy of the LA is recommended if a clinically suspicious LN persists or progresses. In the case of histologically confirmed breast cancer, a core biopsy without a follow-up interval is recommended regardless of the vaccination, as treatment appropriate to the stage should not be influenced by follow-up intervals. For follow-up after breast cancer, the procedure depends on the duration of the LA and the woman's individual risk of recurrence.Vaccination history should be well documented and taken into account when evaluating suspicious LN. Biopsy of abnormal, persistent, or progressive LNs is recommended. Preoperative staging of breast cancer should not be delayed by follow-up. The risk of false-positive findings is accepted, and the suspicious LNs are histologically examined in a minimally invasive procedure. · The vaccination history must be documented (vaccine, date, place of application).. · If axillary LA persists for more than 3 months after vaccination, a sonographic follow-up examination is recommended after 3 months.. · Enlarged LNs that are persistent, progressive in size, or are suspicious on control sonography should be biopsied.. · Suspicious LNs should be clarified before starting oncological therapy, irrespective of the vaccination status, according to the guidelines and without delaying therapy.. · Wilpert C, Wenkel E, Baltzer PA et al. Vaccine-associated axillary lymphadenopathy with a focus on COVID-19 vaccines. Rofo 2025; DOI 10.1055/a-2328-7536.

Background: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) increases sensitivity and specificity compared to digital mammography (DM) in the early detection of breast cancer. The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for mammographic interpretation resulting in workload reduction is increasingly being reported. Method: Presentation of the current evidence on the efficacy of DBT versus DM in population-based breast cancer screening and its support by AI. Narrative review with topic-led literature search of comparative studies of DBT and DM and review of the use of AI in PubMed from 01/2016 to 09/2025. Results: In 42 international studies, the breast cancer detection rate was significantly higher with DBT + DM (6.4‰) and DBT + synthetic mammography (SM) (7.4‰) than with DM (4.7‰). Concordantly, the randomized TOSYMA study reported a higher invasive breast cancer detection rate with DBT + SM (7.1‰) versus DM (4.8‰) with a lower false-positive recall rate (first round -15.6‰). The positive predictive value (PPV) of recall was - consistent with meta-analyses - higher (+4.9%), as was the reading time. With a smaller number of AI studies on DBT than DM, a DBT meta-analysis reported a higher sensitivity of AI alone (89%) than by readers (78%), with a lower specificity of AI. DBT with AI-assisted reading compared to human reading alone increased the detection rate in a prospective study by +3.8‰ without a marked change in the recall rate (+0.8%). Conclusion: DBT increases breast cancer detection compared to DM with more favorable process parameters. AI reporting strategies can further increase sensitivity and reduce human workload. The influence of DBT and AI on reducing the interval cancer rate as a measure of efficiency has not yet been proven. Key Points: · DBT implementation in population-based breast cancer screening is being reviewed internationally.. · In case of DM replacement, AI reading concepts will become more important.. · Evidence of the long-term effectiveness of DBT and AI is limited.. Citation Format: · Weigel S, Wunderlich P, Sommer A et al. Digital breast tomosynthesis and reading with artificial intelligence. Rofo 2026; DOI 10.1055/a-2796-5225.

PURPOSE: Evaluation of the effect of the new anticonvulsant drug, AWD 140-190 [4-(p-bromophenyl)-3-morpholino-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid methyl ester] on focally induced seizures and on epileptogenesis in the kindling model. METHODS: Effects of AWD 140-190 were studied in amygdala kindled rats after oral and intraperitoneal administration. In addition, the effect on kindling development was evaluated. In all experiments, behavioral changes in the rats in response to AWD 140-190 were monitored closely. RESULTS: AWD 140-190 exerted potent anticonvulsant activity against focal seizures. After intraperitoneal and oral administration in fully kindled rats, the substance dose-dependently increased the threshold for induction of afterdischarges starting at 15 mg/kg. AWD 140-190 only weakly influenced the seizure severity of the animals after stimulation at the elevated afterdischarge threshold current. No adverse effects were observed up to 30 mg/kg after intraperitoneal and oral administration in the open field and in the rotarod test. No differences were found between kindled and nonkindled rats when comparing neurotoxicity of AWD 140-190. Prolonged treatment with AWD 140-190 during kindling acquisition did not prevent kindling, but significantly retarded the development of fully kindled seizures during the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that AWD 140-190 has anticonvulsant effects in the amygdala kindling model in rats, suggesting that the substance is particularly effective against partial seizures. AWD 140-190 is orally active and devoid of neurotoxic effects in anticonvulsant doses, thus indicating that this compound has potential for antiepileptic therapy. AWD 140-190 retards the kindling development during the treatment. This effect could be explained by the acute anticonvulsant effect of the substance.

Abstract The determination of naturally occurring radionuclides in the environment is a complex problem. Particularly the optimization of the analysis methods is very important, while the choice of the method influences the financial and personnel resources, as well as the quality of the results. This work is prepared from a working group within the working group(suggest instead use Research Group) “natural radioactivity” of the German-Swiss radiation protection association (FS). It is a recommendation for clients of existing laboratories, as well as new or renovated laboratories, which order measurements. This article shows some excerpts of the full work.

The exhaust gas of the planned fusion reactor ITER (R. Aymar, Fus. Eng. Des. vol. 55, pp. 107-118, 2001) consists of up to 10% helium and 90% hydrogen. The extraction of these gases from the reactor space is achieved by cryopumps comprising several cryogenically cooled flat panels having in total an absorbing surface of about 35 m/sup 2/. As can be seen in the cross section of a panel, a 4 K cooled quilted steel plate is covered with activated carbon grains, serving as the absorbing material, glued onto the metal surface. In periodic cycles the pump has to be disconnected from the vessel and rapidly heated (during 75 s) to 80-100 K to regenerate the surface. After heating, rapid cooling down to cryogenic temperatures, also in 75 s, is necessary. If the heating and cooling is performed by just changing the temperature of the coolant, the energy consumption is extremely high. Here we investigate the application of microwave radiation to heat the carbon layer exclusively.

Compact high-speed electro-optic modulators are key to next-generation optical transceivers for exa-scale data centers and large-scale artificial-intelligence (AI) clusters. As key performance metrics, the devices must combine large modulation bandwidth and low optical loss with compactness and low-voltage operation, while being amenable to efficient mass production, ideally on the silicon photonic platform. In this paper, we demonstrate silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) that offer line rates in excess of 500 Gbit/s via low-complexity intensity-modulation-and-direct-detection (IM/DD) schemes. With π-voltage-length products UπL of only 0.67 Vmm, our devices combine efficiency and compactness, while being amenable to monolithic co-integration with a rich portfolio of proven silicon photonic devices. In a series proof-of-concept experiments, we demonstrate an SOH MZM with 280 μm-long phase-shifter sections, offering a 3-dB bandwidth of 74 GHz and a 6-dB bandwidth beyond 110 GHz along with a sub-1 dB phase-shifter loss. We achieve a PAM4 symbol rate of 204 GBd (line rate of 408 Gbit/s) and a PAM8 symbol rate of 176 GBd (line rate of 528 Gbit/s) – record values for MZM on the silicon photonic platform. We believe that our devices offer a highly attractive route towards next-generation optical transceivers with unprecedented efficiency and scalability. © 2025 The Author(s).

Summary: Background: Atherectomy devices have become a widely used tool to treat peripheral vessels in a variety of clinical situations. This trial assesses the efficacy, safety and clinical success of the Rotarex Catheter, a rotational athero-thrombectomy system, for the treatment of acute, subacute and chronic occlusions in peripheral arteries including native arteries, bypasses and in-stent restenosis, used alone or as an adjunctive tool. Patients and methods: 220 patients were enrolled in this prospective, multicentre, single-arm study in Europe. Procedural success was measured after the index procedure. Freedom from major adverse events (MAEs), was collected through 30 days. Primary patency was collected at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months. Secondary outcomes included safety events, freedom from target lesion and vessel revascularization (TLR and TVR) and quality of life improvement. Results: Procedural success of Rotarex with an adjunctive treatment was 94.1%. Primary patency was 87.2%, 68.1%, 57.8% and 49.1% at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively. Freedom from MAEs through 30 days was 96.3%. The MAE rate was 21.0%, 31.0% and 41.1% at 6, 12 and 24 months. Freedom from TLR was 97.7%, 81.0%, 72.0% and 64.3% at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months. Freedom from TVR was 95.8%, 79.0%, 69.9% and 62.3% at 1, 6, 12 and 24 months. Most subjects showed improvement in Rutherford Class and in the quality-of-life measures. Conclusions: These results show that Rotarex performs effectively and safely when it is being used as an adjunctive treatment in acute, subacute and chronic occlusions of native arteries, ISR and bypass.